| A | B |
|---|
| Heterozygous | Two alleles that are different |
| Homozygous | Two alleles that are the same |
| Dominant | The allele that will always be displayed (capital letter) |
| Recessive | The trait that will always be masked (lower case letter) |
| Genotype | The genetic "makeup" of an individual |
| Phenotype | The outward expression of a genotype |
| Meiosis | The process that gametes are produced |
| Sex-linked | A trait that appears on the X or Y chromosome |
| Mendel | The monk who discovered simple inheritance |
| Punnett Square | A graph that shows possible inheritance outcomes |
| Probability | The likelihood that something will occur |
| Allele | An individual trait inherited from a parent |
| O blood type | The recessive blood type |
| Codominance | Two traits share dominance, like AB blood type |
| ii | recessive alleles showing O blood type |
| one-half | How many chromosomes are left after meiosis |
| Gamete | either the egg or sperm in animals |
| Pollen | male gamete in plants |
| Crossing-Over | Exchange of genetic material in meiosis |
| Colorblindness and baldness | sex-linked traits in humans |
| Hemophilia and Duchenne's Muscular Dystrophy | sex-linked diseases in humans |
| P Generation | 1st generation when looking at traits |
| F1 Generation | offspring of P Generation |
| F2 Generation | offspring of F1 Generation |
| Polygenic Trait | Trait controlled by more than one gene |
| Diploid | Full set of chromosomes |
| Haploid | Half of a set of chromosomes |
| Hybrid | A trait of differing alleles (heterozygous) |
| Law of Independent Assortment | Alleles of different genes separate independently of one another |
| Dihybrid Cross | A cross involving two traits |
| Incomplete Dominance | In-between result between crossing two things (ie: color in snapdragons) |
| Spermatogenesis | Process by which sperm are produced |
| Oogenesis | Process by which eggs are produced |
| Fertilization | Haploid gametes join to become a diploid zygote |
| Meiosis I | Homologous chromosomes separate by the end of this |
| Meiosis II | Joined chromotids separate at the centromere by the end of this |
| Four | Amount of cells produced by meiosis |
| Genetics | Study of heredity |
| Purebreed | Homozygous form of an organism |
| Law of Segregation | Two alleles for a trate separate during gamete formation |
