| A | B |
|---|
| allele | specific form of a gene that provides instructions for making a particular protein molecule |
| chromosome | long piece of DNA that contains many genes |
| claim | proposed answer to a question about the natural world |
| DNA | type of molecule that genes and chromosomes are made of |
| evidence | information about the natural world that is used to support or refute a claim |
| feature | characteristic that all members of a species have |
| fertilization | when a male and a female reproductive cell combine to create an offspring |
| function | how something works |
| gene | instruction for making a protein molecule |
| gene version | specific form of a gene that provides instructions for making a particular protein molecule |
| heterozygous | having gene versions that are different |
| homozygous | having gene versions that are the same |
| inherit | to receive genes from a parent |
| mutation | random change to a gene that sometimes results in a new trait |
| nonfunctional protein | protein molecule that does not perform its function, often because it does not connect to other molecules |
| nucleus | part of a cell where genes are found |
| offspring | organism produced as a result of reproduction |
| protein molecule | type of large molecule that performs important functions inside organisms |
| reasoning | process of making clear how your evidence supports your claim |
| ribosomes | parts of the cell that build protein molecules based on instructions from genes |
| scientific argument | claim supported by evidence |
| sexual reproduction | process in which two parents pass on their genes to create offspring |
| structure | way something is shaped or constructed |
| trait | specific characteristic of an individual organism |
| variation | any difference in traits between individual organisms |
