| A | B |
|---|
| cell division | division of cell into 2 daughter cells |
| mitosis | division of nucleus |
| cytokinesis | division of cytoplasm |
| chromosomes | condensed chromatin;contain DNA;visible under microscope |
| cell cycle | "life cycle" of cell |
| interphase | longest phase of the cell cycle |
| prophase | double-stranded chromosomes visible,centrosomes move to opposite ends of cell,spindle forms, nuclear membrane disappears |
| metaphase | double-stranded chromosomes line up in middle of cell |
| anaphase | double-stranded chromosomes separate,chromatids move to ends of cell |
| telophase | nuclear membrane reforms, cytokinesis occurs |
| sister chromatids | two strands of a double-stranded chromosome held together by centromere |
| G1, S, G2 | parts of interphase |
| G1 of interphase | cell grows; carries out normal functions |
| S of interphase | genetic material is duplicated |
| G2 of interphase | duplicated genetic material remains loosely packed as chromatin |
| centrioles | packages of microtubules in animal cells |
| centrosomes | region in cytoplasm where spindle fibers are formed;surround centrioles in animal cells |
| cytokinesis in animal cell | cytoplasm "pinches" inwards, forming two new cells |
| cytokinesis in plant cell | cell plate forms, creating cell wall between two new cells |
| repair, growth, asexual reproduction | functions of mitosis |
| asexual reproduction | reproduction involving one parent;offspring identical to parent |
| bacteria, protists | organisms that reproduce asexually |
| chromatin | thin threads of DNA and protein in nucleus of every cell |
| chromosome number | the number of chromosomes found in each cell of a species;unique to each species |
| 46 | human chromosome number |
| centromere | region of chromosome where sister chromatids are held tightly together |
| spindle | "web" of microtubules that guides movement of chromosomes during mitosis |
