| A | B |
| aphelion | earth is farthest from sun |
| perihelion | earth is closest to the sun |
| Coriolis effect | rotation of the earth bends paths of winds and sea currents |
| air mass | large body of air with uniform conditions |
| longitude | lines that run N and S across the earth (labelled E and W) |
| latitude | lines that run E and W across the earth (labelled N and S) |
| Prime Meridian | The 0 degree reference line dividing E and W longitude |
| weather front | boundary between two air masses |
| stationary front | when air masses collide and neither move |
| weather | condition of the atmosphere at a particular time |
| climate | steady condition of atmospheric conditions |
| insolation | incoming solar radiation |