| A | B |
|---|
| Active Transport | Transport that requires energy to move particles across up/against the concentration gradient. |
| Carrier Protein | A protein found in the cell membrane used in active transport |
| Concentration Gradient | Unequal distribution of ions across a cell membrane. |
| Diffusion | Molecules tend to move from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration. |
| Endocytosis | Process in which cells engulf outside material by wrapping the cell membranes around it |
| Equilibrium | Equal concentration of solutes across a membrane; equal movement of molecules |
| Exocytosis | Transport of material out of a cell by enclosing it in a vesicle and pushing it through an opening in the cell membrane. |
| Hypertonic | A solution with a high concentration of solutes; cells in a hypertonic solution shrink |
| Hypotonic | A solution with a low concentration of solutes; cells in a hypotonic solution swell |
| Isotonic | When the concentration of solutes are equal on both sides of the membrane; equilibrium. |
| Negative Feedback | A response that decreases the stimulus |
| Osmosis | Diffusion of water through a membrane |
| Passive Transport | Transport that does not use energy; molecules move from high concentration to low concentration (down/with the concentration gradient.) |
| Phagocytosis | Form of endocytosis taking in solid (food) particles |
| Pinocytosis | Form of endocytosis taking in liquid particles |
| Positive Feedback | A response that increases the stimulus |
| Selective Permeability | Ability of a plasma membrane to allow some substances to cross across the membrane more easily than others. |
| Sodium Potassium Pump | Active transport by which cells pump sodium and potassium ions against the concentration gradient. |
