| A | B |
|---|
| Amino acid | A building block of a protein |
| Translation | The process of making a protein from mRNA, the second step of protein synthesis |
| Codon | Three consecutive bases on mRNA |
| Anti-codon | The complementary bases of a codon, found in tRNA |
| Start codon | AUG |
| Stop codon | A codon that has no amino acid matching it, it stops protein synthesis |
| Gene | The information for how to make a protein |
| Mutations | Changes in the sequence of DNA |
| Point mutation | When one nucleotide base is replaced with another. |
| Frameshift mutation | A mutation that changes the entire sequence of nucleotide bases by inserting or deleting one base. |
| Substitution mutation | Another name for a point mutation |
| Insertion mutation | A frameshift mutation when a nucleotide base is added. |
| Deletion mutation | A frameshift mutation when a nucleotide base is deleted. |
