| A | B |
|---|
| This term refers to the seizure of government by people who intend to replace the existing political system? | political revolution |
| This is the Belief in the form of government marked by separation of powers and representation of the people through elected officials. | republicanism |
| This is a political belief favoring individual political and economic freedom, with limits on state power | Liberalism |
| This is known as a sudden violent overthrow of government; translated as “a blow against the state”. | coup d' etat |
| When people or a country have pride and devotion to one’s nation; also, the idea that people with a common language, culture, and history should have its own nation. | Nationalism |
| A political theory calling for government according to fundamental laws and principles. | Constitutionalism |
| A special economic privilege granted to a foreign power. | Concession |
| Wealth in form of money or of resources that are used to produce other goods. | Capital |
| An economic system in which the government owns the resources and distributes them in a way that meets social needs. | Socialism |
| A policy in which a state takes political and economic control of areas outside its own borders. | Imperialism |
| An economic system in which all resources are privately owned and markets determine how those resources are distributed. | Capitalism |
| What is the term that means self-governing and independent? | Sovereign |
| What is the term that means that ALL citizens, even the most powerful, are subject to the law. | Rule of Law |
| This is the doctrine that states that the people are the source of all political power in a nation. | Popular Sovereignty |
| This term refers to people who favor maintaining existing institutions and traditional values. | Conservative |
| This type of fighting relies on being mobile and using hit-and-run tactics as well as the element of surprise to harass a larger, stronger opponents, used by many Latin American groups as well as American colonist in their struggle for independence. | guerrilla warfare |
| What does productivity mean? | the amount of goods or services that result for each unit or required resources used (output per unit of input) |
| What are interchangeable parts and how are they useful? | Parts that have been precisely cut and shaped to be identical so they can be replaced for one another in the event they are broken. |
| What is a domestic system? | A pre-industrial system of manufacturing in which workers crafted products in their homes using raw materials supplied by merchants |
| What is a factory system? | An industrial system of manufacturing in which worker, raw materials, and machinery are gathered under the same roof |
| Describe mass production..... | The high production of, and the low cost of producing identical items thru the use of specialization and interchangeable parts |
| Describe enclosure...... | the repossessing and fencing-in by landowners of formerly common lands, often for the purpose of commercial farming |
| Explain what capitalism is..... | An economic system in which all resources and factories are privately owned and MARKETS determine how those resources are distributed |
| What is a monopoly? | It is when one company controls the production and supply of a good |
| The process of turning a rural area or village into a town or city, which often happens if a factory is built, is known as........ | Urbanization |
| What is a labor union and its purpose? | an organization formed by workers to represent them in negotiations with employers concerning employment issues |
| This is a tool used by labor unions where workers agree to stop working in order to force the employer to improve working conditions and wages..... | strike |
| When this machine was invented the demand for coal dramatically rose...... | steam engine |
| This machine automatically wove cloth, as a result, cloth no longer needed to made in homes (cottage industry) | Power loom |
| This process/invention made the steel industry much more successful due to the fact it could produce high quality steel much more efficiently.... | Bessemer Process |
| Machines in the Industrial Revolution were first powered by what source...... | water flowing over a water wheel |
| What about the Industrial Revolution, caused cities to grow by the millions? | promise of available employment in factories |
| Creating cloths and fabrics in a factory is called the __________ Industry | Textile |
| The Industrial Revolution began in what country? | Great Britain |
| True or False.....during the I.R. there was a decline in factory-based manufacturing? | False |
| What was the most significant way the social structure of Western nations was changed by the industrialization? | a new group was formed.....working class or middle class |
| What did a few large companies do to dominate industrial economies by the late 1800s? | Bought up the smaller companies and drove them out of the business |
| During the I.R., farmers were able to produce and make available more healthy foods due to what? | the mechanization of farming, machines used in farming |
| How did Henry Ford become the first large-scale manufacturer of automobiles (process) | using the assembly line method to mass produce cars |
| The specialization of workers in a single step in the manufacture of a product was a major factor in what process? | mass production |
| THis man invented the more efficient steam engine that could be used in factories.... | James Watt |
| Japan, known for its emperors and shoguns holding all power, avoided contact with Westerners.....but became to weak to resist West. pressure (ex: US) Japan would eventually become what type of government system? | Constitutional monarchy after the Meiji Restoration |
| This man led the revolution in South America... | Jose de San Martin |
| Napoleon Bonaparte contributed to the revolutions in S. Amer. leading to Spain losing her control there. How was this? | He invaded Spain which weakened their control and attention there. |
| Due to the French Revolution, much of Europe began to promote the which of the following: Royalism, Capitalism, Nationalism, or imperialism | NATIONALISM |
| What was the basic premise of the Napoleonic Code of 1804? | Upheld the EQUALITY of citizens |
| What did members of the Estates-General in France do that made them believe they had authority to govern France? | Declared themselves to a National Assembly |
| What was the biggest reason France was having financial trouble prior to its revolution? | helped Americans in their revolution |
| Before the French Revolution, merchants belonged to what Estate (commoner class)? | Third Estate |
| Not all new governments aren't always successful..why did Americans replace the Articles of Confederation? | Made the Central government too weak |
| Why was the Battle of Saratoga so important in the American Revolution? | victory v. British convinced the French to help America |
| What punishment did Britain impose on Americans for the protest action known as the Boston Tea Party? | Closed the port of Boston which would hurt American financially |
| A document written by Thomas Paine during the American revolution was significant for what reason? | it persuaded many Americans to support independence from Britain |
| The Scramble for Africa which began in Egypt with the British trying to control What? | trade routes |
| Socialism, developed as a result of what? | The inequality between owners and workers brought on by the Ind. Rev. |
| A major reason that the Industrial Revolution began in Great Britain due to them having an abundance of what mineral that could be used to power steam engines? | coal |
| What led Creoles to revolution in the Spanish colonies in America? | they resented Spain placing peninsulares (non Creoles) in charge of the colonies |
