| A | B |
| anuria | no flow of urine |
| diuresis | increase in the volume of urine |
| dysuria | painful urination |
| nocturia | excessive urination at night |
| oliguria | decrease in the volume of urine output |
| pyuria | white blood cells in the urine |
| volume needed for urine sample | between 25ml and 50ml |
| CCMS | clean-catch midstream urine specimen |
| FOB | fecal occult blood |
| occult | hidden or not visible to the naked eye |