| A | B |
| Louis XIV | Seventeenth century monarch of France, called the Sun King, Absolute Monarch |
| Frederick the Great | Absolute Ruler of Prussia |
| Peter the Great | Absolute Ruler of Russia, found Petrograd on Baltic Sea |
| Catherine the Great | Absolute monarch in Russia after her husband is assasinated |
| Thirty Years War | Religious-political wars in central Europe |
| Treaty of Westphalia | Treaty ending the Thirty Years War |
| James I | Rules Great Britain after Elizabeth I; Jamestown named after him and King James Bible |
| Charles I | Unpopular absolute monarch; beheaded at the beginning of the English Civil War |
| English Civil War | War between Puritan Reformers favoring a republic and royalist Cavaliers |
| Protectorate | Government set up after the execution of Charles I; led by Oliver Cromwell |
| Charles II | Becomes king after Protectorate falls apart |
| James II | Successor of Charles II--married a Catholic |
| The Glorious Revolution | New government under William of Orange and Mary |
| English Bill of Rights | Rights of English citizens stated in this document |