| A | B |
|---|
| bronchodysplasia | inadequate lung development in infants |
| pulmonary embolism | blockage of a lung artery with a blood clot |
| pulmonary edema | build up of fluid in the lung tissue caused by left heart failure |
| atelectasis | collapse of a lung |
| pleural disease | restrictive lung disease caused by fibrosis of lung tissue |
| asthma | increased reactivity of bronchial tree causing muscle spasm that results in shortness of breath |
| emphysema | destruction of alveoli and bronchioles causing air to become trapped in the lung |
| chronic bronchitis | chronic airflow restriction that causes a productive cough greater than 3 months in at least 2 consecutive years |
| hypoxemia | decreased oxygen in the blood |
| ventilation | exchange of gases in the lungs |
| respiration | exchange of gases in the alveoli/blood |
| lung compliance | how easily the alveoli/lung expands |
| expiratory flow rate | the volume of air expelled over the amount of time it takes to do so |
| total lung capacity | total air in the lung at maximum inhalation |
| tidal volume | relaxed breathing in and out |
| residual volume | amount of air in the lungs after maximum exhalation |
| vital capacity | amount of air measured from maximum inhalation to maximum exhalation |
| obstructive lung disease | decreases expiratory volumes causing an increased residual volume |
| restrictive lung disease | decreases all lung volumes |
| dyspnea | shortness of breathe |
| tachypnea | increased breathing rate |
| bradypnea | decreased breathing rate |
| hyperventilation | deep, rapid increased breathing rate |
| orthopnea | difficulty breathing in a recumbent position |
| apnea | no breathing during exhalation |
| apneusis | no breathing during inhalation |
| Cheyne-Stokes breaths | gradual increase in tidal volume followed by gradual decrease, then apnea |
