| A | B |
|---|
| autotroph | organism that converts light energy into usable energy |
| binomial Nomenclature | naming system that gives each living thing a two-word scientific name |
| habitat | specific environment where an organism lives |
| heterotroph | organism that obtains energy from other organisms |
| key | aid to identification |
| macromolecule | substance in a cell that forms from joining many small molecules together |
| taxon | group of organisms |
| unique | without an equal, distinctive |
| cytoplasm | liquid part of a cell inside the cell membrane |
| eukaryotic cell | type of cell that has a nucleus and other membrane bound organelles |
| mitochondria | organelle that breaks down food and releases energy |
| prokaryotic cell | type of cell that has no nucleus or other membrane bound organelles |
| Diploid | describes a cell that has pairs of chromosomes |
| DNA | genetic information in a cell |
| egg | female sex cell |
| fertilization | joining of an egg and sperm |
| haploid | describes a cell that has only one chromosome from each pair |
| homologous chromosomes | pairs of chromosomes—one inherited from each parent—that have genes for the same traits arranged in the same order |
| meiosis | process in which one diploid cell divides to make haploid sex cells |
| sexual reproduction | production of offspring from the combination of genetic materials from two cells |
| sperm | male sex cell |
| zygote | new cell formed through fertilization |
| asexual reproduction | production of offspring by one parent without meiosis and fertilization |
| budding | asexual reproduction in which a new organism grows on the body of its parent |
| cloning | lab procedure that produces identical individuals from a cell or cells taken from an organism |
| culture | growing living tissue in a laboratory |
| fission | cell division in prokaryotes that forms two genetically identical cells |
| potential | possibility |
| regeneration | asexual reproduction in which a new organism grows from a piece of its parent |
| vegetative reproduction | asexual reproduction in which offspring grow from a part of a parent plant |
