| A | B |
|---|
| Domestication | Adapting behavior of animals to fit human needs |
| Castration | Removal of testicles from male animals |
| Intact | An animal that has not been castrated |
| Mature | An animal whose sexual organs have not developed |
| Selection | Identification of animals for use in breeding programs |
| Crossbreeding | Mating animals of different breeds |
| Pure Breed | A group of animals with similar specific traits |
| Reproduction | Process of animals multiplying to produce offspring |
| Gestation | Amount of time from conception to birth |
| Parturition | The act of giving birth |
| Estrus Cycle | Physiological events occuring in the reproductive system of a female |
| Estrus Period | Time when a female will accept the male for breeding |
| Lambing | Process of sheep giving birth |
| Calving | Process of a cow giving birth |
| Farrowing | Process of a pig giving birth |
| Bull | An intact male beef animal |
| Cow | Male female beef animal |
| Heifer | Female bovine that has not given birth |
| Steer | Castrated male bovine |
| Calf | Bovine of either sex under 1 year of age |
| Cow- calf operation | Breeding/maintaining beef herds and selling calves |
| Purebred Breeders | Provide breeding stock to cow-calf producers |
| Backgrounding | Growing and feeding calves until feedlot weight |
| Feedlots | Feed cattle until they reach market/slaughter weight |
| Boar | Intact mature male pig |
| Sow | Mature female pig |
| Gilt | Female swine that has not given birth |
| Barrow | Castrated male porcine |
| Farrow to finish | Maintain swine herd, raise pigs to market weight and then sell |
| Purebreed Breeders | Provide breeding stock to other producers |
| Feeder pig producers | Breeding sows and selling the young pigs to other producers |
| Finisher Operations | Buy young hogs and feed until they reach market/slaughter weight |
| Ram | Intact mature male sheep |
| Ewe | Mature female sheep |
| Ewe lamb | Female ovine that has not given birth |
| Wether | Castrated male sheep |
| Lamb | Sheep less than 1 year of age |
| Fall lambing | Raising lambs to be born before December 25th |
| Spring lambing | Raising lambs to be born between January and May |
| Accelerated lambing | Producing three lamb crops in two years |
