| A | B |
|---|
| One reason why Great Britain became the first nation to industrialize was that it had: | had large deposits of coal to fuel their industry |
| What was the significance of the Bessemer Process? | invention made the expansion of the steel industry in the American Midwest possible |
| The invention of machine tools that could create part after part of the same size and shape allowed for the use of? | . interchangeable parts |
| The best way to describe mass production? | the specialization of workers in a single step of the manufacturing process |
| The American car maker Henry Ford was the first large-scale manufacturer to use what? | the assembly line method of production |
| The policy in which a state takes political and economic control of areas beyond its borders is called? | imperialism |
| What was one way industrialization encouraged imperialism | Growing industries needed larger markets for their manufactured goods. |
| What is the BEST way to describes the relationship between imperialist powers | Countries formed fierce rivalries with other nations |
| What is the BEST way to explain why European powers competed intensely for China? | They wanted to market products to China's large population |
| The Spanish-American War in 1898 resulted in the United States gaining what territories? | islands in the South Pacific and the Caribbean Sea |
| What is the BEST way to describes the scramble for Africa? | Imperialist powers sliced Africa amongst themselves by drawing borders on a map |
| The Roosevelt Corollary stated/implied what? | Europe had no reason to interfere in Latin America because the United States was powerful enough to police the entire region |
| define “sphere of influence” | a relationship in which the protection and partial control of one nation is held by another, more powerful nation |
| Which invention made World War I especially deadly? | the machine gun |
| New military technologies used during World War I resulted in what? | unprecedented bloodshed |
| Why did the United States remain neutral when World War I first broke out? | American companies saw the war as an opportunity to sell supplies to both sides and The United States had cultural ties to Britain, but it also had a large German-American population and The United States saw the war as a purely European dispute |
| What German tactic eventually drew the United States into World War I? | The sinking of our merchant ships with their submarines..U-Boats |
| The Treaty of Versailles signed by Germany and the Allied Powers did what? | required Germany to accept responsibility for starting the war |
| What was the main reason why the U.S. Senate rejected membership in the League of Nations? | Senators feared the League's collective security requirements would draw the nation into foreign wars |
| The 1928 agreement, drawn up by U.S. and French officials, which outlawed war as an instrument of foreign policy was called the: | Kellogg-Briand Pact |
| The predominance of the armed forces in making and carrying out the policies of a nation; the glorification of military preparedness and armed strength, is known as what? | militarism |
| A political philosophy or system marked by strong central authority and that places the nation, and often a race, above individual rights and freedoms | fascism |
| Pride and devotion to one’s nation; also, the idea that a people with a common language, culture, and history should have its own nation. | nationalism |
| A nation or a government in which total control is in the hands of one all-powerful ruler | dictatorship |
| An extension of the Monroe Doctrine declaring that the U.S. would police Unstable Latin American debtor nations; also known as the Big Stick policy. | Roosevelt Corollary |
| A policy of giving into the demands of a potential enemy in order to avoid conflict. | appeasement |
| The planned and systematic extermination of an entire racial, ethnic, political, or cultural group. | genocide |
| A relationship in which the protection and partial control of one nation is held by another, more powerful nation. | protectorate |
| The position of not favoring or supporting either side in a dispute | neutrality |
| Ideas, allegations, and other information that is spread deliberately to further a cause, and is often exaggerated; used by governments to gain support. | propaganda |
| A rise in prices caused by an increase in the supply of money and a resulting decline in value; “less bang for your buck”. | inflation |
| Limiting the amount of something that people are allowed to have when there is not enough for everyone to have as much as they want. | rationing |
| An unoccupied area between opposing armies. | no-man’s land |
| A formal agreement or treaty between two or more nations to cooperate for specific purposes | alliance |
| An authorization or order given to a lesser authority by a superior one; a territory governed by such an authorization or order from the League of Nations. | mandate |
| The action or process of gradually reducing the strength or effectiveness of someone or something through sustained attack or pressure. | attrition |
| The last czar to rule Russia was? | Czar Nicholas II |
| What is the BEST way to describes attitudes most Russians had toward World War I? | They supported the war at first but adamantly protested it after economic hardships |
| The February Revolution resulted in what? | Nicholas II giving up his throne |
| What action might have been taken by a caudillo? | using force to take power |
| What was the main reason that the United States intervened in Cuban affairs in the early 1900s? | to protect the American-owned sugar industry |
| Who organized a new political movement known as fascism in 1919? | Benito Mussolini |
| What major factor helped to radicalize German society in the years after World War I? | out of control inflation |
| Hitler’s goal of establishing a Third Reich meant that he wanted to do what? | create a new German Empire |
| How did the Nazis take power in Germany? | by force |
| The episode of anti-Jewish violence that took place throughout Germany on November 9, 1938 was known as what? | Kristallnacht |
| The regimes that arose in the Soviet Union under Stalin, in Italy under Mussolini, in Germany under Hitler, in the years after World War I were similar in that they were all what? | totalitarian |
| What country did Japan invade between 1931 and 1940? | China |
| What strategy allowed the Germans to achieve remarkable military success at the beginning of World War II? | blitzkrieg |
| By the summer of 1941, what nation was the last holdout against Germany’s complete domination of Europe? | Great Britain |
| The declaration of post-war aims formulated in 1941 by U.S. President Roosevelt and Great Britain Prime Minister Churchill was known as the | Atlantic Charter |
| After Japan’s attack on the U.S. Pacific Fleet at Pearl Harbor, what did the United States do? | entered World War II on the side of the Allies |
| How did the Allied forces liberate France from the Nazis? | They crossed the English Channel and invaded northern France in the largest military operation ever conducted, known as D-Day |
| The Battle of the Bulge in Belgium marked this significance for Germany | their last offensive of the war |
| The Nazi “final solution” was a plan to do what? | exterminate the Jews of Europe |
| Japan surrendered in August, 1945, because the United States did what to them? | dropped atomic bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki |
| Historians estimate that the number of people killed in World War II, including civilians, may be as high as: | 60 to 80 million |
| At the Nuremberg Trials, the Allies tried 22 Nazi leaders for what? | war crimes and crimes against humanity |
| What economic/government system did the United States seek to promote throughout the world? | democratic capitalism |
| The term that came to symbolize the growing ideological divide between East (communism) and West (capitalism-democracy) was | The Cold War |
| NATO and the Warsaw Pact were what? | opposing Cold War military alliances |
| The first major armed conflict of the Cold War took place in what country? | Korea |
| President Lyndon Johnson escalated U.S. involvement in Vietnam due to his belief in this theory, that if one nation fell to communism the other nations in the region would as well.....this theory? | the Domino Theory |
