| A | B |
|---|
| Technology | Human innovation that involves the generation of knowledge and process to develop products that solve problems and extend human capabilities. Anything that was created to solve a human’s problem. |
| Technological Advancement | Important contributions to the advancement of science, mathematics, and technology have been made by different kinds of people, in different cultures, at different times. |
| History | Chronological record of significant events. |
| Engineer | Its root lies in the Latin word ingeniare, “to design or devise.” |
| Microliths | Very small geometric form tools commonly used in composite tools. |
| System | Building block of technology |
| Economic Impacts | Increased tax base and employment/jobs. |
| Environmental Impacts | Loss of habitat & wetlands, water pollution, air pollution, noise pollution, light pollution. |
| Political Impacts | Leadership decisions, laws & enforcement. |
| Cultural Impacts | Historical, archeological & geological. |
| Social Impacts | Recreation facilities, places of worship & clubs and organizations. |
| Paleolithic Age | 500000 – 10000 BC - Characterized by the earliest known stone tools. Major impacts on history include better hunting and defense. Artifacts include: Use of Fire Unpolished stone tools Sculpture Musical instruments Burial of dead Cave dwellings Cave paintings Stone axes Bone needles Hearth sites |
| Mesolithic Age | 10000 – 4000 BC - Associated with the rise to dominance of microlithics or very small geometric form tools commonly used in composite tools. Major impacts on history include the gradual domestication of plants and animals leading to the first settled communities. Artifacts include: Microliths Sail Wheel and axle Leatherwork Basketry Fishing tackle Canoes Bows Domesticated animals Stone circles Sickles |
| Neolithic Age | 4000 – 2300 BC - Characterized by the development of agriculture and an increasing emphasis on year-round settlements. Major impacts on history include developing a dependable year round food supply which allowed more time for invention and innovation.Artifacts include: Stone and mud dwellings Pottery Polished stone tools Spinning and weaving tools Wooden and stone plows |
| Bronze Age | 2300 – 700 BC - Characterized by the development of metallurgy, mainly the combining of copper and tin to make bronze. Major historical impacts include the gradual replacement of stone tools with metal ones which enabled humans to alter their environment at a more rapid pace. Artifacts include: Metal pots and pans Pottery wheel Chariot Pulley Metal jewelry Metal tools Metal weapons |
| Iron Age | 700 BC – 450 AD - Characterized by iron being used as the main metal for tools and weapons. Major impacts on history include military dominance with the use of iron weapons and iron blade plows increased food production. Artifacts include: Block and tackle Pump Lathe Iron dagger Iron chisel Iron axe Iron spearhead |
| Middle Age | 450 – 1400 AD - Period of time between the fall of Rome and the Renaissance. Major impacts on history include the rise of money and capitalism and the beginning of urbanization and industrialization. Artifacts include: Waterwheel Windmill Cannon Mechanical clock Wheeled plow Horseshoes Stirrups Crank Compass Oceangoing ships |
| Renaissance/Enlightenment Age | 1400 – 1750 AD - Humanistic revival of classical influence. Major impacts to history include instrumentation that allowed scientists to observe and test natural phenomena. Artifacts include: Telescope Microscope Thermometer Barometer Printing press Rifle |
| Industrial Age | 1750 – 1950 AD - Characterized by first use of complex machinery, and factories. People move form from agricultural to industrial societies. Major impacts to history include the creation of large urban centers, population expansion, improved standards of living. Artifacts include: Steam engine Electricity Automobile Radio Airplane Television Telephone Rocket |
| Information Age | 1950 - Present - Characterized by the gathering, manipulation, classification, storage, and retrieval of information. Exponential Growth and technological obsolescence. Artifacts include: Transistor Integrated circuit Computer Communication satellite Digital photography Artificial heart Nuclear power plants Space shuttle iPod Laptop GPS |
| Mesopotamian Engineers | Developed clay tablets to document city plans. |
| Babylonian Engineers | Developed primitive algebra and asphalt road coverings. |
| Egyptian Engineers | Developed pyramids, building techniques and extensive irrigation systems. |
| Greek Engineers | Developed the catapult and the cross bow for conquering territory. |
| Roman Engineers | Developed aqueducts for moving water, extensive road systems and sanitary systems. |
| Middle Age Engineers | Developed paper in Arab countries and gun powder/telescopes in China. |
| Renaissance Engineers | Leonardo Da Vinci designed weapons, buildings, machinery and is most known for the modern day tank. Galileo was a pivotal figure in the development of physics, specifically astronomy. |
| Industrial Age Engineers | Henry Ford created the assembly line, James Watts refined the steam engine, Alessandro Volta discovers the principles for a battery. Pieter van Musschenbroek creates the forerunner to the capacitor. |
