| A | B |
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| * The process by which one species splits into two species is called ____. | speciation p440 |
| * Evolution above the species level (ie - the kind that creates new species) is called _______. | macroevolution p440 |
| * Evolutionary change that occurs within one species but doesn't immediately lead to speciation is called ______. | microevolution p440 |
| * The biological species concept defines a species as a population or group of populations whose members have the potential to _______ in nature and produce ______ but are unable to do the same with members of other populations. | interbreed, viable fertile offspring p441 |
| * ____ isolation is the existence of biological factors that impede members of two different species from producing viable fertile offspring. | Reproductive p441 |
| * ____ barriers cause biological isolation by impeding mating between species or by hindering the fertilization of ova if members of different species attempt to mate. | Prezygotic p441 |
| * Habitat isolation, temporal isolation, behavioral isolation, mechanical isolation, and gametic isolation are all examples of _____. | prezygotic barriers pp442&443 |
| * ______ barriers cause biological isolation due to the inability of the hybrid zygote to develop into a viable fertile adult. | Postzygotic p441 |
| * Reduced hybrid viability, reduced hybrid fertility, and hybrid breakdown are examples of ______. | Postzygotic barriers p443 |
| *_______ speciation happens when a new species forms while geographically isolated from its parent population. | Allopatric p445 |
| * _______ speciation happens when a small population becomes a new species without geographic separation. | Sympatric ("patric" refers to homeland/country while "sym" means same. Sympatric speciation occurs in an organism's homeland while allopatric speciation occurs in a different homeland from the parent population) p446 |
| * Allopatric speciation occurs when gene flow is interrupted or reduced when a population is divided into two or more _______ isolated subpopulations. | geographically p444 |
| * ______ is the presence of extra sets of chromosomes in cells due to accidents during cell division and is a common source of speciation among ____. | polyploidy, plants p447 |
| * The _______ model of evolutionary change describes evolution as happening in short fast spurts followed by long periods of little change. | Punctuated Equilibrium p454,  |
| * The offspring of crosses between two different species are called _____. | hybrids p441 |
