| A | B |
|---|
| narrative | a story, a report of what has happened. |
| predicate | In a sentence tells what the subject does or has, a simple one is a verb. |
| imperative | sentence which gives a command or makes a request |
| idiom | A phrase or expression that has a different meaning from what the individual words usually mean. |
| alliteration | the repeating of consonant sounds that begin words. |
| autobiography | the biography or life of a person written by herself or himself. |
| biography | the biography or life of a person written by someone else. |
| conflict | a problem that needs to be solved in a story. |
| rising action | The buildup of excitement in a story. |
| narrator | the person telling the story. |
| stanza | group of lines in a poem separated by a space; the Italian for room. |
| myth | an ancient traditional story of gods or heroes, trying to explain a fact. |
| onomatopoeia | A word that imitates a sound of the thing meant; BOOM |
| persistence | Not give up in spite of failure. To continue constantly, in spite of opposition. |
| inclusion | the act of including, to take in, not left out. |
| figurative language | Using a word or phrase that does not have its normal everyday literal meaning. |
| interrogative | a type of sentence which asks a question |
| assonance | term used to refer to the repetition of a vowel sound in a line. |
| I | first person point of view, the narrator uses ** to refer to himself or herself. |
| Four | The number of lines in a quatrain, a stanza in a poem. |
| simile | A figure of speech comparing two unlike things that is often introduced by like or as. |
| subject | The part of the sentence names whom or what the sentence is about. |
| consonance | The repetition of ending sounds that are consonants, but it can refer to repetition of consonant sounds within the word as well. |
| mood | The feeling you get from reading the story. |
| irony | A result that is opposite of what is expected; it is often unfortunate. |
| plot | The action of a story or a play. Most stories have a problem and, at the end, a solution. |
| conjunction | A connecting word; and, but, or, nor. |
| persuasive | to convince, having the power to convince someone. |
| theme | The main idea of a story, novel, play or poem. |
| repetition | The repeating of a word, or words. |
| personification | The giving of human characteristics to something that is not human. |
| setting | The time and place of the action in the story. |
| hero | The main character in a story who acts with great courage and kindness. |
| inference | The act of drawing a conclusion from given information. |
| variable | Something able to change. |
| hypothesis | A prediction you make based on knowledge. |
| drawing conclusions | Refers to information that is never clearly stated. Giving hints or clues that will help you; reading between the lines. |
| antagonist | an adversary, an opponent, the bad (person, place, or thing) |
| protagonist | the main character in a drama, novel, etc.; a champion. |
| character traits | Qualities that a person has, such as bravery or honesty. |
| appositive | a noun that is placed next to another noun to identify it or add information about it. |
| trade-off | is an exchange where you give up one thing in order to get something else that you also desire. |
| opportunity cost | the value of the of the next best choice |
| incentive | a thing that motivates or encourages one to do something. |
| interdependent | countries that are dependent on one another. |
| poem | an arrangement of words, traditionally a rhythmical composition, sometimes rhymed. |
| motivation | The reason why a character behaves as he or she does. |
| abstract noun | names an idea, a quality, or a feeling that can't be seen or touched. |
| details | pieces of information that help create a picture for the reader. |
| concrete noun | names something you can see or touch |
| foreshadowing | hints about what might happen later in a story. |
| hyperbole | figure of speech produces a vivid impression by obvious exaggeration; EXTREME exaggeration. |
| symbolism | Using something to stand for something else. |
| modify | To add to, and change slightly. |
| metaphor | figure of speech that is used to make a comparison between two things that are not alike, but do have something in common. |
| interloper | To intrude; to encroach on the rights of others. |
| possessive | A noun tells who or what owns or has something. |
| Collective noun | Names a group of people, animals, or things. |
| rhyme scheme | The ordered pattern of rhymes at the ends of the lines of a poem or verse. |
| context | The parts of a statement that comes before or after a specific word or passage, usually influencing its meaning or effect. |
| allegory | What is a story in which the characters and events stand for something else? |
| bandwagon | is the advertising technique in an ad that says everyone else is doing something. This ad explains how so many people love the product. |
| denotation | is the actual meaning of a word. |
| atmosphere | What is the general mood of a piece of literature? |
| turning point | What is the event in a story that leads to a solution to the problem? |
| character clues | What are the thoughts, actions, and words in a story that help you understand what a character is like? |
| connotation | An idea or feeling suggested by a word. |
| dialogue | the conversation between characters in a story or play; words that characters actually say. |
| climax | is the high point in a story when the outcome is decided. |
| exposition | is the literary device used to introduce background information about events, settings, characters, or other elements of a work to the readers. |
| falling action | wraps up the narrative, solves its loose ends, and leads toward closure. |
| resolution | is where in the plot the main problem is resolved or worked out, typically where the story ends. |
| epic | What is a long poem that tells a story, usually about a hero's adventure? |
| testimonial | What is an advertising technique wherein a famous or seemingly authoritative person recommends a product or service, and vouches for the value of the same. |
| propaganda | The spreading of ideas, information, or rumor for the purpose of helping or injuring an institution, a cause, or a person. |
| direct object | receives the action of a verb. It answers the question whom? or what? after an action verb. |
| transitive verb | Has a direct object. |
| intransitive verb | DOES NOT have a direct object |
| indirect object | answers the question to whom? or for whom? or to what? or for what? an action is done. |
| linking verb | connects the subject of a sentence with a noun or an adjective in the predicate. Most common: Be ( is, are, was, were) |
| target auidience | a particular group in which the advertisement is aimed. |
| card stacking | shows the products best features, tells half truths, and omits or lies about potential problems. |
| slogan | distinctive or identifying catchy phrase often used in advertising or to represent a product. |
| fable | a short story that teaches a lesson. Animals and other natural things act and talk like people. |
| external conflict | a struggle that a person has with another person has with society, or with nature. |
| predicate noun | A noun that follows a linking verb. It renames or identifies the subject. |
| adjective | A word that describes, or modifies, a noun or pronoun. |
| predicate adjective | An adjective that follows a linking verb. It describes, or modifies, the subject. |
| present tense | Verb expresses action that happens regularly. |
| past tense | Verb expresses action that already happened. |
| helping verb | Verb that helps the main verb express action or make a statement. |
| couplet | In poetry a stanza with two lines. |
| present participle | Formed from verbs, used as adjectives or used to form verb tenses by adding -ing to the verb. |
| participle | A word formed from a VERB and used as an adjective or noun and ending in -ed or -ing. |
| past participle | Formed from a verb and modifies a noun, noun phrase, verb or verb phrase. It most often ends in -ed. Many irregular verbs do not end in -ed. |
| Ode | to sing or chant. A poem that praises an individual, an idea, or an event. |
| omniscient narrator | when the narrator knows what all the story characters do, say and feel. Uses he, she, and they to refer to the characters. |
| brand loyalty | The tendency of consumers to continuously purchase one brand's product over another. |
| internal conflict | A struggle a person has with himself or herself when trying to make a decision. |
| opinion | a belief based on experience and on certain facts, but not amounting to sure knowledge. |
| realism | a style of writing in which people and events are presented the way they actually are in life. |
| memoir | type of nonfiction, like an autobiography, it often focuses on a specific event or part of a person's life. |
| contrast | shows how things are different |
| comparison | shows how two things are alike |
| plain folks | propaganda technique that uses people who represent the "typical" target of the ad; this typical person just like you would buy this. |
| support | sentences that work together to explain, illustrate or provide evidence for a single topic sentence. |
| fact | anything known to have happened, or to be true. |
| tone | the feeling the writer shows toward his or her subject. |
| logic | The use of data (facts) to develop rational conclusions. |
| historic | famous or important in history or potentially so. |
| journal | it is from the Old French (meaning "daily"), may refer to several things. In its original meaning, it refers to a daily record of activities. |
| ad hominem | logical fallacy when someone attacks the character or motives of a person instead of focusing on the issues. |
| rabble | a crowd of people who are hard to control |
| verb phrase | consists of one or more helping verbs followed by a main verb. |
| logical fallacy | An argument that appears on the surface to be reasonable, but in reality is weak or faulty and misleading. |
| strawman | logical fallacy when your opponent over-simplifies or misrepresents your argument to make it easier to attack or refute. |
| red herring | A logical fallacy where the person changes the subject to direct attention away from the original argument. Something that misleads or distracts from relevant or important questions. |
| future tense | A verb that expresses action that will take place in the future. |
| Challenge | the situation of being faced with, something that needs great mental or physical effort in order to be done successfully and therefore tests a person's ability. |
| irregular verb | verbs with no pattern in the past tense or past participle tense. |
