| A | B |
|---|
| Agribusiness | commercial agriculture characterized by integration of different steps in teh food-processing industry, usually through ownership by large corporations. |
| Agriculture | The deliberate effort to modify a protion of earth's surface through the cultivation of crops and the raising of livestock for sustenance or economic gain |
| Cereal Grain | a grass yielding grain for food |
| Chaff | husks of grain separated from the seed by threshing |
| Combine | a machine that reaps, threshes, and cleans grain while moving over a field |
| Commercial agriculture | agriculture undertaken primarily to generate products for sale off teh farm |
| Crop | grain or fruit gathered from a field as a harvest during a particular season |
| Crop rotation | the practice of rotating use of different fields from crop to crop each year, to avoid exhausting the soil |
| Desertification | degradation of land, expecially in semiarid areas, primarily because of human actions like excessive crop planting, animal grazing, and tree cutting |
| Double cropping | Harvesting twice a year from the same field |
| Grain | seed of a cereal grass |
| Green revolution | rapid diffusion of new agricultural technology, especially new high-yield seeds and fertilizers |
| Horticulture | the growing of fruits, vegetables, and flowers |
| Hull | the outer covering of a seed |
| Intensive subsistence agriculture | a form of subsistence agriculture in which farmers must expend a relatively large amount of effort to produce the maximum feasible yield from a parcel of land |
| Milkshed | the area surrounding a city from which milk is supplied |
| Paddy | malay word for wet rice, commonly but incorrectly used to describe a sawah |
| Pastoral nomadism | a form of subsistence agriculture based on herding domesticated animals |
| Pasture | Grass or other plants grown for feeding grazing animals, as well as land used for grazing |
| Plantation | a large farm in tropical and subtropical climates that specialized in the production of one or two crops for sale, usually to a more developed country |
| Prime agricultural land | the most productive farmland |
| Ranching | a form of commercial agriculture in which livestock grazeover an extensive area. |
| Reaper | a machine that cuts grain standing in the field |
| Ridge tillage | system of planting crops on ridge tops, in order to reduce farm production costs and promote greater soil conservation |
| Sawah | a flooded field for growing rice |
| Seed agriculture | reproduction of plants through annual introduction of seeds, which result from sexual fertilization |
| Slash-and-burn agriculture | another name for shifting cultivation, so named because fields are cleared by slashing th vegetation and burning the debris |
| Shifting cultivation | a form of subsistence agriculture in which people shift activity from one field to another; each field is used for crops for a relatively few years and left fallow for a relatively long period |
| Spring wheat | wheat planted in the pring and harvested in the late summer |
| Subsistence agriculture | agriculture desiged primarily to provide food for direct consumption by the farmer and the farmer's family |
| Sustainable agriculture | farming methods that preserve long-term productivity of land and minimize pollution, typically by rotating soil-restoring crops with cash crops and reducing inputs of fertilizer and pesticides |
| Swidden | a patch of land cleared for planting through slashing and burning |
| Thresh | to beat out grain from stalks by trampling it |
| Transhumance | the seasonal migration of livestock between mountains and lowland patures |
| Truck Farming | commercial gardening and fruit farming, so named because truck was a Middle English word meaning bartering or the exchange of commodities |
| Vegtative planting | Reproduction of plants by direct cloning from existing plants |
| Wet rice | rice planted on dryland in a nursery, then moved to a deliberately flooded field to promote growth |
| Winnow | to remove chaff by allowing it to be blown away by the wind |
| Winter Wheat | wheat planted in teh fall and harvested in the early summer |
