| A | B |
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| The scientific study of human populations is called ___. | demography |
| ____ is a change from high birth rates and high death rates to low birth rates and low death rates. | Demographic transition |
| The second stage of demographic transition is characterized by ___. | low death rate and high birth rate. |
| The demographic transition begins (stage 2) when a country's ______ -rate _____. | death-rate, decreases (usually because they are starting to modernize and get better access to medicine and food) |
| Which event in human history marked the beginning of really rapid growth rates in the world? | The industrial revolution |
| By 2050, the human population is expected to hit ____. | 9 billion |
| Which two factors help predict whether a country will have high population growth rates or not? | Social and economic factors |
| Exponential growth rates are typical of countries that have not yet ___. | modernized |
| What are three improvements that helped contribute to the start of exponential growth rate of the human population about 500 years ago? | 1) Improved food supply 2) Better sanitation 3) Improved health care |
Which of these two age structure diagrams shows the typical human age structure of a typical third-world country?,  | A, |
| Which of these two age structure diagrams shows the typical human age structure of a first-world modernized country?, | B, |
| The age structure diagram on the left shows a ____ birth rate and a ____ death rate., | high birthrate and high death rate., |
| The age structure diagram on the right shows a ____ birth rate and a ____ death rate., | low birthrate and low death rate., |
| Stage 1 of the demographic transition (the stage before the "transition" actually starts) is characterized by ___________. | high birthrates and death rates |
| Stage 3 (the final stage) of the demographic transition is characterized by ____. | low birthrates and death rates |
| Until relatively recently, half of all children born did not survive to adulthood. What did humans do because of this? | They had large families (The birthrate was very high for most of human history because the death rate was also high. Parents needed to have a lot of kids so that they could help on the farm and that at least some would survive to take care of the parents when they got old) |
