| A | B |
|---|
| Phenotype | physical appearance of an organism |
| Genotype | genetic make-up of an organism |
| Homozygous | two identical copies of an allele |
| Heterozygous | two different copies of an allele |
| Allele | variations of a trait |
| Gene | Segment of DNA that encodes the information for a specific trait |
| Trait | an inherited characteristic |
| Dominant | only need one copy of this allele for the trait to be visible |
| Recessive | must have two copies of this allele for the trait to be visible |
| Law of Segregation | states that an organism has two alleles but only gives one to its offspring |
| Gregor Mendel | Father of Genetics |
| Principle of Dominance | states that one allele may be hidden by the dominant form of the allele. |
| Law of Independent Assortment | States the traits are inherited independently of one another. |
