| A | B |
|---|
| Charles Francis Adams | American envoy whose shrewd, careful diplomacy pushed the British toward neutrality Dan avoided confrontations that might have led to war |
| Archduke Maximilian | An Old World aristocrat, manipulated as a puppet in Mexico, who was shot when his puppet-master deserted him |
| Abraham Lincoln | A leader somewhat inexperienced in national politics and war but a genius at inspiring and directing the union cause |
| Jefferson Davis | Leader whose conflict with states' rights advocates and rigid personality harmed his ability to mobilize and direct the Southern war effort |
| Britain | Nation whose upper classes hoped for a Confederate victory, while its working classes sympathized with the antislavery North |
| Napoleon III | Slippery French dictator who ignored the Monroe Doctrine by intervening in Mexican politics |
| Canada | Site of raids and plots by both Southern agents and antiBritish Americans during the Civil War-related Anglo-American crisis |
| Clara Barton | Helped transform nursing into a respected profession during the Civil Wars |
| New York City | Scene of the largest Northern antidraft riot in 1863 |
| Elizabeth Blackwell | First woman physician, organizer of the United States Sanitary Commission |
