| A | B |
| Robespierre | Reign of Terror |
| Louis XIV | Sun King, France |
| Mughal Dynasty | India |
| Sulieman the Magnificent | Ottoman Empire |
| Francis Joseph | Dual Monarch, Austria-Hungary |
| Otto von Bismarck | Prussia/Germany |
| Floating Coffins | Middle Passage |
| Dryefus Affair | Anti-Semitism |
| Cavour/Emmanuell III | Sardinia |
| Locke | natural rights, right to revolution |
| Estates General | Legislative Body in France |
| Calvin | predestination, theocracy Geneva |
| "Glory, God & Gold" | Spain |
| Cavaliers | Supporters of the King in England |
| Cromwell | Roundhead leader of New Model Army |
| Peter the Great | Westernization of Russia, founder of Russian Navy |
| Intendants | French tax collectors, governors |
| Adam Smith | "laissez-faire" capitalism, free market |
| Montesquieu | 3 branches, checks & balances |
| Rousseau | will of the majority, common good |
| Phillip II | Spanish Armada |
| Great Reform Act of 1832 | redistributed seats in Parliament |
| House of Lords | upper house of British Parliament |
| Roundheads | supporters of Parliament during English Civil War |
| Bolivar | "The Liberator" |
| Salons | helped spread ideas of Enlightenment |
| Bourgeosie | wealthiest part of 3rd estate, "haves" according to Marx |
| Magellan | 1st to circumnavigate |
| Copernicus | heliocentric theory, astronomy |
| Sir Isaac Newton | gravity |