| A | B |
|---|
| abduction | movement of drawing away from the middle |
| acquired immune deficiency syndrome | A disease caused by HIV and interferes with cellular immunity lowering resistance to infection and malignancy. |
| adduction | movement of drawing toward the middle |
| alignment | placing of portions of a fractured bone into correct anatomical position |
| ambulate | able to walk, not confined to bed |
| amputation | removal of a limb or portion of a limb |
| artificial insemination | introduction of semen into the vagina by artificial means |
| asymmetrical | pertaining to both sides being unequal |
| asymmetry | both sides unequal |
| benign prostatic hyperplasia | non-cancerous excessive development of the prostate gland |
| blood urea nitrogen | test that measures amount of urea in blood used to determine kidney function; when increased indicates kidney failure |
| bunion | abnormal enlargement of the joint at the base of the great toe, |
| calculus | stone |
| carpal tunnel syndrome | a common painful disorder of the wrist |
| catheter | flexible, tube-like device for withdrawing or instilling fluids |
| chiropractic | therapy that consists of manipulation of the vertebral column |
| chiropractor | specialist in therapy consiting of manipulation of vertebral column |
| circumcision | surgical removal of the prepuce(foreskin) |
| clean catch specimen | urine sample obtained after cleaning off the meatus and collecting a urine sample midstream |
| coitus | sexual intercourse betw. male and female (copulation) |
| condom | cover for the penis worn during coitus |
| creatinine | waste product |
| crepitus | crackling sound heard when two bones rub against each other |
| deformity | distortion of any part or disfigurement of the body |
| digital rectal examination | Insertion of a gloved finger in the rectum to examine the size and shape of the prostate |
| dislocation | temporary displacement of a bone from its normal position in a joint |
| distended | stretched out |
| diuresis | condition of increase urine passing through |
| diuretic | agent that increases the amount of urine |
| effusion | fluid build up |
| ejaculation | ejection of semen from the male urethra |
| electrolytes | minerals in the body, such as sodium and potassium that carry an electrolyte charge |
| enuresis | involuntary urination; synonym for incontinence |
| erectile dysfunction | inability of the male to attain or maintain an erection sufficient to perform sexual intercourse |
| eversion | turning outward (ankle movement) |
| extension | movement in which limb is placed in a straight position |
| fibromyalgia | pain in the fibrous tissues and muscles (a common condition characterized by widespread pain and stiffness of muscles,fatigue, and disturbed sleep) |
| fixation | procedure to stabilize a fractured bone to promote healing |
| flexion | movement in which a limb is bent |
| Foley Catheter | tube placed in the bladder to drain urine |
| fracture | broken bone or bent bone |
| genitalia (genitals) | reproductive organs (male or female) |
| gonads | male and female sex glands |
| gout | excessive amount of uric acid in blood causes Na uric crystal to be deposited |
| hemodialysis | procedure for removing impurities from the blood with use of filter |
| herniated disc | rupture of the intervertebral disc(also called slipped disc or ruptured disc) |
| human immunodeficiency virus | sexually transmitted disease caused by a retrovirus that attacks the immune system |
| human papillomavirus | sexually transmitted disease caused by viral infection |
| hydrocele | scrotal swelling caused by collection of fluid along the tubes within the testes |
| immobilization | making of a part or limb immovable |
| incontinence | inability to control bladder and /or bowels |
| infertility | reduced or absent ability to produce off spring |
| inversion | turning inward (ankle movement) |
| kidneys, ureters, bladder | simple radiographic image of the abdomen to view the kidneys, ureters, and bladder |
| kyphosis | posterior curvature of the thoracic spine; hunch back |
| laser surgery | surgery using the cutting power of a laser beam to clot, cut or vaporize tissue |
| lordosis | anterior curvature of the lumbar or cervical spine |
| micturate | to urinate or void |
| micturition | n. act of passing urine |
| muscular dystrophy | group of hereditary disease characterized by degeneration of muscle and weakness |
| orgasm | climax of sexual stimulation |
| orthopedics | dealing with the study and Rx of diseases and abnormality of the musculoskeletal system |
| orthopedist | physician who specialized in study of bones and muscles (orthopod) |
| orthopod | physician who specialized in study of bones and muscles (orthopedist) |
| orthotics | orthopedic appliances used to support, align, prevent or correct deformities |
| osteoclast | type of bone cell involved in absorption and removal of bone minerals |
| osteopath | physician who specializes in osteopathy |
| osteopathy | system of medicine that utilizes usual forms of Dx and RX with emphasis of role of the relationship between the body organs and MS system; manipulation may be used in addition to other treatment |
| osteoporosis | abnormal loss of bone density occurring frequently in post menopause females (bone weakness = osteomalacia) |
| plantar fasciitis | inflammation of plantar fascia, connective tissue of the sole of the foot, due to repetitive injury ; common cause of heel pain |
| podiatrist | specialist RX and Dx foot disease and disorders eg. corn and ingrown toenails |
| pronation | movement that turn the palm down |
| prostate cancer | cancer of the prostate gland |
| prostate-specific antigen | blood test for prostate cancer that measures the level of an enzyme released by the prostate |
| prosthesis | an artificial substitute for a missing body part such as a leg or eye |
| prosthetist | one who is skilled in prosthesis |
| puberty | period when secondary sexual characteristics develop and ability to reproduce sexually begins |
| reduction | restoring a fractured bone to its normal position |
| renal calculi | stones in the kidney |
| renal failure | loss of kidney function resulting in its inability to remove waste products from the body and maintain electrolyte balance |
| renal transplant | surgical implantation of a donor kidney to replace a nonfunctioning kidney |
| resectoscope | specialized endoscope used for removing a piece of the prostate gland |
| retrograde urogram | x-ray image of the urinary tract (retrograde - opp direction) contrast medium instilled through urethral catheters by a cystoscope |
| rheumatoid arthritis | chronic systemic disease characterized by autoimmune inflammatory changes in the connective tissuse throughout the body |
| rheumatologist | physician who specializes in the study and treatment of rheumatic diseases |
| rheumatology | study and treatment of rheumatic disease and musculoskeletal disorders characterized by inflammation and degeneration of structures |
| robotic surgery | Minimally invasive surgery using small instruments attached to a robotic arm controlled by the surgeon with a computer. |
| rotation | turning around its own axis |
| scoliosis | abnormal lateral curve of the spine |
| semen analysis | microscopic observation of ejaculated semen, revealing the size, structure, and movement of sperm |
| sexually transmitted infection | infection spread through sexual contact |
| specific gravity | test performed on a urine specimen to measure the concentrating or diluting ability of the kidneys |
| spermatocele | an epididymal cyst filled with fluid and sperm cells that causes scrotal swelling |
| spinal stenosis | narrowing of the spinal canal with compression of nerve roots |
| sprain | stretching or partial tear of a ligament |
| sterilization | process that renders an individual unable to produce offspring |
| strain | stretching or partial tear of a muscle |
| stricture | abnormal narrowing, such as a urethral stricture; stenosis |
| subluxation | incomplete dislocation where some joint surfaces are still in contact |
| supination | movement that turns the palm up |
| symmetrical | pertaining to both sides being equal |
| symmetry | both sides being equal |
| testicular carcinoma | cancer of the testicles |
| testicular torsion | twisting of the spermatic cord causing decreased blood flow to the testis |
| traction | pulling force exerted on a limb in an effort to return the bone or joint to normal position |
| transrectal ultrasound | a probe placed in the rectum uses sound waves to create an image |
| transurethral resection of the prostate gland | successive pieces of the prostate gland tissue are resected by using a resectoscope inserted through the urethra |
| urea | waste product |
| urinal | receptacle for urine |
| urinalysis | multiple routine tests done on a urine specimen |
| urinary catheterization | passage of a catheter into the urinary bladder to withdraw urine |
| urinary retention | abnormal accumulation of urine in the bladder because of an inability to urinate |
| urinary tract infection | infection of one or more organs of the urinary tract |
| varicocele | enlarged veins of the spermatic cord |
| void | to empty or evacuate waste material, especially urine |
