| A | B |
|---|
| acetabulum | the cup-shaped hollow in the hipbone into which the head of the femur fits to form a ball-and-socket joint |
| ankylosing spondylitis | a chronic form of spondylitis primarily in males and marked by impaired mobility of the spine; sometimes leads to ankylosis |
| arthrodesis | the surgical fixation of a joint which is intended to result in bone fusion |
| arthroscopy | a minimally invasive operation to repair a damaged joint |
| autologous | derived from organisms of the selfsame individual |
| comminuted fracture | fracture in which the bone is splintered or crushed |
| compression fracture | fracture in which the bone collapses |
| costochondritis | inflammation at the junction of a rib and its cartilage |
| crepitation | the sharp sound of snapping noisesthe sharp sound of snapping noises |
| gout | a painful inflammation of the big toe and foot caused by defects in uric acid metabolism resulting in deposits of the acid and its salts in the blood and joints |
| hemopoietic | pertaining to the formation of blood or blood cells |
| juvenile rheumatoid arthritis | a form of rheumatoid arthritis that affects children |
| kyphosis | an abnormal backward curve to the vertebral column |
| laminectomy | surgical removal of the bony arches on one or more vertebrae |
| lordosis | an abnormal inward curvature of the vertebral column |
| lumbago | backache affecting the lumbar region or lower back |
| manubrium | the upper part of the breastbone |
| metacarpal | of or relating to the metacarpus |
| metatarsal | of or relating to the metatarsus |
| myeloma | a tumor of the bone marrow (usually malignant) composed of cells normally found in bone marrow |
| open fracture | bone fracture associated with lacerated soft tissue or an open wound |
| osteitis | inflammation of a bone as a consequence of infection or trauma or degeneration |
| osteoarthritis | chronic breakdown of cartilage in the joints |
| osteochondroma | benign tumor containing both bone and cartilage |
| osteoclasis | treatment of a skeletal deformity by intentionally fracturing a bone |
| osteomalacia | abnormal softening of bones caused by deficiencies of phosphorus or calcium or vitamin D |
| osteomyelitis | an inflammation of bone and bone marrow |
| osteoporosis | abnormal loss of bony tissue due to a lack of calcium |
| podiatrist | a specialist in care for the feet |
| prosthesis | a device that replaces a missing part of the body |
| rheumatoid arthritis | a chronic autoimmune disease with inflammation of the joints and marked deformities; something (possibly a virus) triggers an attack on the synovium by the immune system, which releases cytokines that stimulate an inflammatory reaction that can lead to the destruction of all components of the joint |
| rickets | childhood disease caused by deficiency of vitamin D |
| scoliosis | an abnormal lateral curve of the spine |
| spina bifida | a not uncommon congenital defect in which a vertebra is malformed; unless several vertebrae are affected or there is myelomeningocele there are few symptoms; can be diagnosed by amniocentesis |
| spondylolisthesis | a forward dislocation of one vertebra over the one beneath it producing pressure on spinal nerves |
| subluxation | partial displacement of a joint or organ |
| vertebra | one of the bony segments of the spinal column |
| distal | situated farthest from point of attachment or origin, as of a limb or bone |
| dorsal | on or near the back of an animal or organ |
| dysplasia | abnormal development (of organs or cells) or an abnormal structure resulting from such growth |
| endemic | native to or confined to a certain region |
| endocrine gland | any of the glands of the endocrine system that secrete hormones directly into the bloodstream |
| etiology | the cause of a disease |
| functional disorder | disorder showing symptoms for which no physiological or anatomical cause can be identified |
| genetic disorder | a disease or disorder that is inherited genetically |
| geriatrician | a specialist in gerontology |
| hemophilia | congenital tendency to uncontrolled bleeding |
| histology | the study of the microscopic structure of tissues |
| homeostasis | metabolic equilibrium maintained by biological mechanisms |
| hyperplasia | abnormal increase in number of cells |
| hypertrophy | abnormal enlargement of a body part or organ |
| hypoplasia | underdevelopment of an organ because of a decrease in the number of cells |
| idiopathic disorder | any disease arising from internal dysfunctions of unknown cause |
| infectious disease | a disease transmitted only by a specific kind of contact |
| inguinal | of or relating to or near the groin |
| medial | relating to or situated in or extending toward the middle |
| mesentery | a double layer of peritoneum that attaches to the back wall of the abdominal cavity and supports the small intestines |
| open fracture | bone fracture associated with lacerated soft tissue or an open wound |
| osteitis | inflammation of a bone as a consequence of infection or trauma or degeneration |
| osteoarthritis | chronic breakdown of cartilage in the joints |
| osteochondroma | benign tumor containing both bone and cartilage |
| osteoclasis | treatment of a skeletal deformity by intentionally fracturing a bone |
| osteomalacia | abnormal softening of bones caused by deficiencies of phosphorus or calcium or vitamin D |
| osteomyelitis | an inflammation of bone and bone marrow |
| osteoporosis | abnormal loss of bony tissue due to a lack of calcium |
| podiatrist | a specialist in care for the feet |
| prosthesis | a device that replaces a missing part of the body |
| rheumatoid arthritis | a chronic autoimmune disease with inflammation of the joints and marked deformities; something (possibly a virus) triggers an attack on the synovium by the immune system, which releases cytokines that stimulate an inflammatory reaction that can lead to the destruction of all components of the joint |
| communicable disease | a disease that can be communicated from one person to another |
| congenital disorder | a defect that is present at birth |
| cytoplasm | the substance inside a cell, not including the nucleus |
| abdominal cavity | the cavity containing the major viscera |
| adenocarcinoma | malignant tumor originating in glandular epithelium |
| adenoma | a benign epithelial tumor of glandular origin |
| anaplasia | loss of structural differentiation within a cell or group of cells often with increased capacity for multiplication, as in a malignant tumor |
| anatomy | the study of the structure of animals |
| anomaly | deviation from the normal or common order or form or rule |
| anterior | of or near the head end or toward the front plane of a body |
| aplasia | failure of some tissue or organ to develop |
| caudal | constituting or relating to a tail |
| cephalic | of or relating to the head |
| chromosome | a threadlike strand of DNA that carries genes |
| pelvic cavity | the space bounded by the bones of the pelvis and containing the pelvic viscera |
| peritoneum | a transparent membrane that lines the abdominal cavity in mammals and covers most of the viscera |
| peritonitis | inflammation of the peritoneum |
| phenylketonuria | a genetic disorder of metabolism |
| physiology | the science dealing with the functioning of organisms |
| posterior | located at or near the end of a structure |
| proximal | situated nearest to point of attachment or origin |
| stem cell | an undifferentiated cell whose daughter cells may differentiate into other cell types (such as blood cells) |
| thoracic cavity | the cavity in the vertebrate body enclosed by the ribs between the diaphragm and the neck and containing the lungs and heart |
| umbilicus | a scar where the umbilical cord was attached |
| vector-borne transmission | indirect transmission of an infectious agent that occurs when a vector bites or touches a person |
| ventral | toward or on or near the belly |
