| A | B |
|---|
| diverticulitis | inflammation of a diverticulum in the digestive tract |
| diverticulosis | presence of multiple diverticula in the walls of the colon |
| dyspepsia | a digestive disorder characterized by heartburn or nausea |
| dysphagia | condition in which swallowing is difficult or painful |
| enema | an injection of a liquid through the anus to stimulate evacuation; sometimes used for diagnostic purposes |
| hiatal hernia | hernia resulting from the protrusion of part of the stomach through the diaphragm |
| hyperemesis | severe and excessive vomiting |
| ileus | blockage of the intestine (especially the ileum) that prevents the contents of the intestine from passing to the lower bowel |
| inguinal hernia | hernia in which a loop of intestine enters the inguinal canal; the most common type of hernia in males |
| jaundice | yellowing of the skin from an accumulation of bile pigment |
| melena | abnormally dark tarry feces containing blood |
| obesity | the condition of being excessively overweight |
| peristalsis | wavelike muscle contractions of the alimentary tract |
| polyp | a small vascular growth on the surface of a mucous membrane |
| proctologist | a doctor specializing in diseases of the rectum and anus |
| regurgitation | the reflex act of ejecting the contents of the stomach through the mouth |
| salmonellosis | a kind of food poisoning caused by eating foods contaminated with Salmonella typhimurium |
| sigmoidoscopy | visual examination (with a sigmoidoscope) of the lower third of the colon in a search for polyps |
| aerophagia | swallowing air |
| anastomosis | a natural or surgical joining of parts or branches of tubular structures so as to make or become continuous |
| antiemetic | a drug that prevents or alleviates nausea and vomiting |
| aphthous ulcer | a blister on the mucous membranes of the lips or mouth or gastrointestinal tract |
| ascites | accumulation of serous fluid in peritoneal cavity |
| cachexia | any general reduction in vitality and strength of body and mind resulting from a debilitating chronic disease |
| celiac disease | an inability to tolerate wheat protein (gluten) |
| cheilosis | a disorder of the lips marked by scaling and fissures at the corners of the mouth; caused by a deficiency of riboflavin |
| cholangiography | roentgenographic examination of the bile ducts after a contrast medium has been injected |
| cholangitis | inflammation of the bile ducts |
| cholecystectomy | surgical removal of the gall bladder |
| cholecystitis | inflammation of the gall bladder |
| cholelithiasis | the presence of gallstones in the gallbladder |
| cirrhosis | a chronic disease interfering with the liver's functioning |
| colonoscopy | visual examination of the colon from the cecum to the rectum |
| colostomy | a surgical operation that creates an opening from the colon to the surface of the body to function as an anus |
| xerostomia | abnormal dryness of the mouth resulting from decreased secretion of saliva |
| enteritis | inflammation of the intestine |
| eructation | a reflex that expels gas noisily from the stomach through the mouth |
| hematemesis | vomiting blood |
| hepatitis | inflammation of the liver caused by a virus or a toxin |
| herpes labialis | caused by herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) |
| stomatitis | inflammation of the mucous membrane of the mouth |
| trismus | prolonged spasm of the jaw muscles |
| ulcerative colitis | a serious chronic inflammatory disease of the large intestine and rectum characterized by recurrent episodes of abdominal pain and fever and chills and profuse diarrhea |
| volvulus | abnormal twisting of the intestines (usually in the area of the ileum or sigmoid colon) resulting in intestinal obstruction |
