| A | B |
|---|
| ablation | the erosive process that reduces the size of glaciers |
| anuria | inability to urinate |
| benign prostatic hyperplasia | enlarged prostate |
| cystitis | inflammation of the urinary bladder and ureters |
| cystocele | hernia in which the urinary bladder protrudes through the wall of the vagina; sometimes occurs after childbirth |
| cystolith | a calculus formed in the bladder |
| dialysis | separation of substances in solution by means of their unequal diffusion through semipermeable membranes |
| diuresis | increased secretion of urine |
| edema | swelling from excessive accumulation of watery fluid |
| enuresis | inability to control the flow of urine and involuntary urination |
| epispadias | a congenital abnormality in males in which the urethra is on the upper surface of the penis |
| glomerulonephritis | nephritis marked by inflammation of the glomeruli of the kidney; characterized by decreased production of urine and by the presence of blood and protein in the urine and by edema |
| nephrotic syndrome | a syndrome characterized by edema and large amounts of protein in the urine and usually increased blood cholesterol; usually associated with glomerulonephritis or with a complication of various systemic diseases |
| neurogenic bladder | a urinary bladder disorder caused by a lesion in the nervous system |
| nocturia | excessive urination at night; especially common in older men |
| oliguria | abnormally small production of urine |
| polycystic kidney disease | kidney disease characterized by enlarged kidneys containing many cysts; often leads to kidney failure |
| uremia | accumulation in the blood of nitrogenous waste products (urea) that are usually excreted in the urine |
| urethritis | inflammation of the urethra; results in painful urination |
| hemodialysis | dialysis of the blood to remove toxic substances or metabolic wastes from the bloodstream; used in the case of kidney failure |
| hydronephrosis | accumulation of urine in the kidney because of an obstruction in the ureter |
| hypoproteinemia | abnormally low level of protein in the blood |
| hypospadias | an abnormal condition in males in which the urethra opens on the under surface of the penis |
| incontinence | involuntary urination or defecation |
| intravenous pyelography | performing pyelography with intravenous injection of a contrast medium |
| nephrolith | a calculus formed in the kidney |
| nephrolithiasis | the presence of kidney stones (calculi) in the kidney |
| nephron | any of the small tubules that are the excretory units of the vertebrate kidney |
| nephropathy | a disease affecting the kidneys |
| nephroptosis | prolapse of the kidney |
