| A | B |
|---|
| The plant in the windowsill has five flowers is an example of _____ data. | quantitative |
| The information that you gather in your experiment is called your ____. | data |
| The science that seeks to understand the living world is called ___. | biology |
| A logical interpretation based on prior knowledge and experience is called a(n) ____. | inference |
| A proposed scientific explanation for a set of observations that can be tested is called a(n) ____. | hypothesis |
| Data that is recorded as descriptions is called ____ data | qualitative |
| Data that is directly measured and recorded as a number is called ____ data. | quantitative |
| The following two statements are about the same man. Which of the two statements is an observation and which is an inference? A) The man was tired. B) The man's heartrate was 140 beats per minute. | Statement A was an inference, while statement B is an observation. Usually, people whose heartrates are high are tired, but the man could have also just received a big fright. |
| Who makes decisions on what to do based on scientific data (for instance, what to do when scientists say that certain types of pollution cause global warming)? | You, the voter. Scientists only make recommendations and politicians only listen to people who vote. |
| Observations you make about something where you cannot directly observe the phenomena (such as viewing dinosaur bones to learn about dinosaurs) are called ________ observations. | indirect |
| Taking temperature readings at weather stations around the world to learn about whether the Earth is warming is an example of ____ observations. | direct |
| In science, a(n) ____ is a well-tested explanation that unifies a broad range of observations. | theory |
| A highly probable, well-tested, comprehensive explanation, usually for a large collection of observations, is known as a scientific ___. | theory |
| In an experiment to see which type of fertilizer causes plants to grow the fastest, the growth of the plant is the __________ variable. | dependent (The growth of the plant "depends" on the type of fertilizer. This variable is also sometimes called the responding variable) |
| In an experiment to see which type of fertilizer causes plants to grow the fastest, the type of fertilizer is the _____ variable. | independent (The type of fertilizer applied is manipulated by the scientist to see what effect the different types will have on the dependent variable, which is how much the plants grow. The amount of fertilizer applied does not depend on how much the plants grow, so it is not the dependent variable. This independent variable is also sometimes called the manipulated variable because it is the one directly manipulated by the researcher) |
| The variable that is changed by the researcher before an experiment starts (such as the amount of water a plant will be receiving) is known as the ____ variable. | independent |
| The variable that is measured during the experiment to determine the results (such as the height that a plant grows during the experiment) is known as the ______ variable | dependent |
| For an experiment to be considered "controlled" there must be exactly _____ manipulated variable(s). | one |
| If a drug company was trying to find out whether a new medicine kept you from getting sick, half of the test subjects would get the medicine and the other half would get a fake pill but not know they were getting a fake pill. This last group would be considered the _____. | control group |
| In an experiment where you are trying to find out how bright indoor grow lights should be in order to cause the best plant growth, things like temperature, the amount of water, and the type of soil used need to be ____. | controlled variables (held constant for all groups) |
| After an experiment, data is analyzed to conclude whether the ____ was supported or refuted. | hypothesis |
| Scientific theories are ____ -tested. | well |
