| A | B |
|---|
| Claim | a statement of position on the issue one has chosen |
| Data | Evidence to support the claim |
| Warrant | explanation of why or how the data supports the claim. the underlying assumption that connects your data to your claim |
| logos | like—an attempt to argue based in logical relationships to persuade others |
| Ethos | an appeal to the credibility or trustworthiness of the writer |
| pathos | a persuasive technique used to evoke compassion, anger, or other emotion to achieve an intended purpose |
| anaphora | A device where the same word or words are repeated at the beginning of two or more lines, clauses, or sentences. |
| call to action | An appeal, not merely to listen, but to act on what is being presented. |
| assertions | A main argument that supports the main claim |
| point of view | The perspective from which the author writes, addressing himself/herself, the audience, or merely the subject. |
| anecdote | a short, often autobiographical, narrative told to achieve a purpose such as to provide an example, an illustration, or a thematic truth |
| affiliation | the author’s stated or implied membership/allegiance with a group |
| allusion | a reference to a well-known person, event, literary work or work of art |
| asyndeton | lack of conjunctions between phrases, clauses, or words |
| polysyndeton | the repetition of conjunctions in a series of coordinate phrases clauses or words |
| rhetorical question | a question used for persuasion to which the answer is obvious; not intended to induce a reply |
| refutation | to prove wrong by argument or evidence; show to be false |
| tone | the author’s or speaker’s attitude toward the subject and audience |
| concession | to accept an opposing argument as true, valid, or accurate |
| diction | word choice – the author’s consideration of the vocabulary used |
| authority | citing recognized experts or persons with highly relevant experience |
| anticipation | guessing the opposing arguments or a reader’s reaction |
| absolute | anything that cannot be modified |
| Logic marker | the use of words to show logical relationships between ideas |
| Implied claim | the central idea of the author that is not stated directly |
| Deduction | a general to specific logical structure; conclusion follows from the general or universal premises |
| Induction | a specific to general logical structure; specific observation leads to general understanding |
| Metaphor | a figure of speech in which one thing is spoken of as though it were something else |
| simile | uses 'like" or "as' to compare between seemingly unlike subjects |
| Rapport | the relationship an author tries to develop with his or her audience: marked by harmony, conformity, accord, or affinity |
