| A | B |
|---|
| Alamo | On March 16, 1836, the Mexicans (led by Santa Anna) defeated the Texans at the Spanish mission |
| Andrew Jackson | elected President in 1828...first person elected from the west; believed in the common man; war hero of the War of 1812 |
| canal | a human-made waterway |
| Erie Canal | construction began in 1817 and was finished in 1825. More than 350 miles long, it joined the Great Lakes with the Hudson River |
| forty-niner | a person who went to California in 1849 to find gold |
| Gadsden Purchase | in 1853, the United States bought more land from Mexico (present day New Mexico and Arizona) for $10 million |
| Indian Removal Act (1830) | Andrew Jackson pressured Congress to make all Native Americans give up their land EAST of the Mississippi River...they would be given new land WEST of the Mississippi River. The Supreme Court rules in favor of the Native Americans, but Jackson ignored them. |
| John Quincy Adams | wind the election of 1824 when Clay convinced the Congress to vote for him (son of John Adams) |
| "Kitchen Cabinet" | Andrew Jackson's friends who were his advisors (they didn't enter through the front door, but through the back door |
| Manifest Destiny | the belief that Americans had the right to live on any land between the Atlantic and the Pacific Oceans |
| mountain men | a fur trapper and trader who lived in the mountains and knew the wilderness |
| National Road | The Federal government began to build this in 1811. By the 1830s, the road ran from Maryland to the Mississippi River |
| Oregon Trail | 2,000 miles of trail leading to the Oregon Territory...promised green farmland and thick forests |
| railroad | starting in 1830...by 1850s, Cleveland, Detroit, Chicago and St. Louis were all connected to the east coast |
| ranch | a large farm with grazing land for raising horses, cattle, or sheep |
| San Jacinto | the Texans defeated the Mexican army and captured Santa Anna |
| Santa Fe Trail | carried travelers to the Southwest...from Independence, Missouri to Santa Fe, New Mexico |
| spoils system | the system of giving government jobs to people who had helped to get the winner elected |
| Stephen F. Austin | completed his father's plan to start a colony in what we now call Texas |
| tariff | a tax on goods brought into a country |
| Tariff of 1828 | taxed goods from Europe...was very unpopular and effected manufacturing in the North and farming in the South and West |
| Trail of Tears | the nickname given to the terrible journey of the more than 15,000 Cherokees who were forced from their land and walked to what is now Oklahoma (4,000 Cherokees died along the way) |
