| A | B |
|---|
| Mineral | Naturally occurring substance with distinct chemical properties |
| Rock | A naturally occurring inorganic solid made of 1 or more minerals |
| Metamorphic rock | Rocks changed by heat and pressure over time |
| Igneous rock | Formed from heating and cooling of lava/magma |
| Sedimentary rock | Rock formed by layers of sand or shells hardened over time |
| Lava | Molten rock that has been expelled from the earth |
| Magma | Fluid rock below the earth’s surface |
| Intrusive rock | Igneous rock formed under the earth’s crust |
| Extrusive rock | Igneous rock formed on the earth’s surface |
| Luster | The way a mineral reflects light such as dull or shiny |
| Cleavage | The way a mineral breaks apart |
| Density | How compact a rock is |
| Streak | The color a mineral leaves when rubbed on a hard surface |
| Hardness | The ability of a rock to resist scratching |
| Mohs scale | Scale that measures a mineral’s hardness |
| Molten | Liquid rock |
| Mixture | A combination of minerals |
| Color | The color of a mineral and its streak |
| Crystal | Having a natural geometric form |
| Crystallization | Melted substance hardening into a solid crystal |
| Sediment | Particles of rock |
| Transportation | Eroded rock particles carried away by wind or water |
| Deposition | Rock particles sink and form a layer of sediment |
| Cementation | Dissolved minerals fill in the gaps in sediment layers |
| Compaction | Pressure on layers of sediment |
| Metamorphism | Over long periods of time, rocks that are under heat and pressure change |
| Uplift | Structurally high area in the earth's crust that raise rocks to the earth's surface |
