| A | B |
|---|
| cordillera | group of mountain chains that run side by side |
| llanos | hot grasslands in northeastern Colombia |
| cash crop | crop that is sold for export |
| campesino | name for Colombian farmers |
| altiplano | large high plateau in southern Peru and Bolivia |
| navigable | wide and deep enough to allow ship passage |
| empire | group of lands under one ruler |
| Lake Titicaca | highest navigable lake in the world |
Ecuador,  | means "equator" |
| mestizo | person having mixed European and Native or African background |
| sodium nitrate | mineral produced in Chile for fertilizer and explosives |
| Tierra del Fuego | "land of fire" - group of islands in southern Chile |
| republic | government with an elected president |
| foothills | low hills at the base of a mountain range |
| subsistence farm | grow enough food to meet the family's needs |
| landlocked | having no seacoast |
| Andes | major mountain range of South America |
| Magdalena | Colombia's major river |
| Bogota | capital of Colombia |
| Lima | capital of Peru |
| Quito | capital of Ecuador |
| Guayaquil | Ecuador's most important port city |
| Atacama | desert of northern Chile |
| Santiago | capital of Chile |
| Cape Horn | southernmost point of South America |
