| A | B |
|---|
| Algebraic Expression | An expression that includes one or more variables and may also include symbols indicating an operation or a relationship. |
| Area Model | A mathematical model based on the area of a rectangle, used to represent multiplication or to represent fractional parts of a whole. |
| Axis of Symmetry | The vertical line x = − b/(2a) for the parabola given by f(x) = ax² + bx + c or the vertical line x = h when written f(x) = a(x − h)² + k. |
| Common Factor | A factor that appears in two or more terms. |
| Compound Interest | Interest paid on previous interest which was added to the principal. |
| Convex Polygon | A plane, closed, figure formed by three or more line segments intersecting only at end points and each interior angle being less than 180 degrees. |
| Coordinate | A number assigned to each point on the number line which shows its position or location on the line. |
| Cube Root | For real number x and y, y is the cube root of x, (written √3 x ), if y³ = x. |
| Data Set | A collection of information, frequently in the form of numbers. |
| Dependent Variable | The variable in a function representing the elements of the range; the output values. |
| Direct Variation | or real variables x and y, y varies directly with x if y = Kx or yx = K for a constant K, K ≠ 0. |
| Discriminant | The expression b² −4ac that appears under the radical sign in the Quadratic Formula. |
| Domain | The set of input values in a function. |
| Elements | Members of a set. |
| Equivalent Equations | Two equations are equivalent if they have the same solution or solution set. |
| Equivalent Inequalities | Two inequalities are equivalent if they have the same solution set. |
| Equivalent Expression | Expressions that have the same numerical value for given values of the variables. |
| Exponential Function | For numbers a, k and b ≠ 0, the function f(t) = (ab)^ t/k is called an _______. |
| Exponential Growth/Decay | For a > 0 and b > 1 the function denotes growth; for a > 0 and 0 < b < 1 the function denotes decay. |
| Exponential Notation | A notation that expresses a number in terms of a base and an exponent. |
| Extraneous Solutions | Apparent solutions which do not satisfy the given equation; usually introduced by raising to a power or multiplying by the variable in obtaining the solution. |
| Formula | An equation showing the relationship between two or more quantities represented by variables. |
| Function | A _______ is a rule which assigns to each member of a set of inputs, called the domain, a member of a set of outputs, called the range. |
| Function Notation | f(x), read ”f of x”, forming one side of an equation and used to indicate the value of the function when the input is x. |
| Graph of a Function | The pictorial representation of a function by plotting all of its input-output pairs on a coordinate system. |
| Height | In a triangle it is the segment from a vertex perpendicular to the selected base. |
| Hypotenuse | The side opposite the right angle in a right triangle. |
| Independent Variable | The variable in a function representing the elements of the domain; the input values. |
| Inequality | A statement that two expressions represent different values. There are various forms. |
| Strict Inequalities | Statements such as “x is less than y”, (x < y ), and “x is greater than y”, (x > y ). |
| Weak Inequalities | Statements such as “x is less than or equal to y”, (x ≤ y ), and “x is greater than or equal to y”, ( x ≥ y). |
| General Inequality | The statement ”x is not equal to y”, (x ≠ y ). |
| Input Values | The values of the domain of a function. |
| Integers | The collection is composed of the negative integers, zero and the positive integers |
| Intersection of Sets | A set whose elements are all the elements that the given sets have in common. |
| Inverse Variation | For real variables x and y, y varies inversely with x if yx = K or y = Kx and K is a non-zero constant. |
| Irrational Number | A decimal number that neither repeats nor terminates. |
| Joint Variation | For variables x, y and z, z varies jointly with x and y if z = Kxy and K is a non-zero constant. |
| Legs | The two sides of a right triangle that form the right angle. |
| Like Terms | Algebraic terms that contain the same variables and for each variable the power is the same. |
| Linear Model for Multiplication | Skip counting on a number line. |
| Multiple | An integer or polynomial is said to be a multiple of any of its factors. |
| Multiplicative Identity | For each n, n · 1 = n and 1 is called the identity element for multiplication. |
| Negative 1 Power | f x is non-zero, x^−1 is the number 1/x. |
| Non-Negative Numbers | Numbers greater than or equal to zero. |
| Ordered Pair | A pair of numbers that represent the coordinates of a point in the coordinate plane with the first number measured along the horizontal scale and the second along the vertical scale. |
| Origin | The point with coordinate 0 on a number line; the point with coordinates (0, 0) in the coordinate plane. |
| Output Values | The set of results obtained by applying a function rule to a set of input values. |
| Parabola | The shape of the graph of f(x) = ax² + bx + c, a ≠ 0. If the function is written as f(x) = a(x−h)²+k, a ≠ 0, then the vertex is (h, k). |
| Parent Function | The simplest example of a family of functions. |
| Point-Slope Form | A form of a linear equation written as (y − y1) = m(x−x1) where m is the slope and the line passes through the point (x1, y1). |
| Polynomial | An algebraic expression obtained by adding, subtracting and /or multiplying real numbers and variables. |
| Quadratic Equation | An equation with a second degree term as its highest degree term. |
| Quadratic Expression | A polynomial containing a second degree term as its highest degree term. |
| Radical | An indicated root of a number or polynomial denoted by n√ so that r = n√x implies r^n = x. |
| Radical Equation | An equation in which the variable appears in the radicand. |
| Radical Function | A function which is the square root of a variable expression. |
| Radicand | The number or expression that appears in the radical sign; the number or expression whose root is to be found. |
| Rational Equation | An equation involving one or more rational expressions. |
| Rational Expression | An expression in the form a/b with a and b being polynomial expressions, b of at least degree one and b ≠ 0. |
| Rational Number | A number that can be written as a/b where a is an integer and b is a natural number. |
| Roots of a Quadratic | The solutions of ax²+bx+c = 0. |
| Scale Factor | For the parabola f(x) = a(x−h)² + k, a is the _______. |
| Scientific Notation | Base ten numbers written in the form a × 10^n where 1 ≤ a ≤ 10 and n is an integer. |
| Sequence | A list of terms ordered by the natural numbers. |
| Set | A collection of objects or elements. |
| Set Notation | A symbolic description of the elements of a set. |
| Simplifying | Combining like terms of a polynomial by carrying out the indicated additions or subtractions. |
| Simple Interest | Interest paid a single time on a principal invested or borrowed. |
| Square Root | For non-negative x and y, y is the _______ of x if y² = x. |
| Standard Form | A form of a linear equation written as Ax +By = C. |
| Subset | Set B is a _______ of set A if every element of set B is also an element of set A. |
| System of Linear Equations | Two equations that both impose conditions on the variables. |
| Translation | A transformation that moves a figure along a line in a plane but does not alter its size or shape. |
| Unit Rate | A ratio of two unlike quantities that has a denominator of 1 unit. |
| Variable | A letter or symbol that represents an unknown quantity. |
| Zero Power | For any number x, x ≠ 0, x^0 = 1. |
