| A | B |
|---|
| free state | state in which slavery was not allowed |
| slave state | state in which slavery was allowed |
| sectionalism | loyalty to one region instead of the whole country |
| fugitive | a person who runs away or escapes |
| abolitionist | a person who wanted to end slavery |
| Underground Railroad | a network of secret escape routes enslaved African Americans followed to reach freedom in the North |
| popular sovereignty | a system that allowed people in a territory to MAKE THEIR OWN DECISIONS (for example: to decide if they wanted to be a slave or free state) |
| extremist | a person whose opinions are VERY different from those of most people |
| secede | to break away from, as a state leaving the Union |
| civil war | a was between regions or groups of people in the same country |
| Henry Clay | senator nicknamed the "Great Compromiser" |
| Missouri Compromise | Missouri would join the Union as a SLAVE state Maine would join as a FREE state For every slave state that entered, a free state would enter to keep the number of state the same on both sides |
| Compromise of 1850 | California would join as a FREE state The rest of the Mexico territory would be allowed to decide whether they would be free or slave Slave trade would be banned in Washington D.C. Congress would pass the Fugitive Slave Law |
| Fugitive Slave Law | a law requiring Northerners return escaped slaves to slaveowners |
| Frederick Douglass | slave who escaped at 21 and became a leader in the Mass. Abolitionist Society and spoke out against slavery and wrote a book about his experiences |
| Harriet Tubman | famous "conductor" of the Underground Railroad. Although free, she returned to the South 19 times to help more than 300 African Americans escape |
| Uncle Tom's Cabin | book about the cruelty of slavery written by Harriet Beecher Stowe...caused many to question how it was possible for one human to own another human |
| Kansas-Nebraska Act | allowed states to use popular sovereignty to determine whether they would be pro-slavery or anti-slavery states. Caused people to rush to Kansas to ensure it became a slave state. Violence erupted and Kansas became known as "Bleeding Kansas" for the over 200 people killed |
| Dred Scott Case | Missouri slave whose slaveowner took him to a free state for four years. Upon his return, Dred felt he should no longer be enlsaved. The case went to the Supreme Court in 1857. Said he was property, no matter where his owner moved and that the Missouri Compromise was against the law (each state should decide, not Congress) |
| Election of 1860 | Lincoln won. Southern states seceded because the felt they lost their power. |
| Confederate States of America (Confederacy) | The Southern states of South Caroline, Georgia, Florida, Mississippi, Louisiana, Alabama and Texas that seceded from the Union. Jefferson Davis was president of the Confederacy |
| April 12, 1861 | Confederates opened fire on Fort Sumter. The Union soldiers surrendered the next day. The Civil War had begun |
