| A | B |
| Mediterranean Sea | Sea that borders Southern Europe |
| Pyrenees | mountain range separating Spain and France |
| Apennines | mountain range running along the whole Italian Peninsula |
| Alps | Europe's highest mountain, some of which are located in Northern Italy |
| Mediterranean climate | type of climate found across Southern Europe, with warm, sunny days and Midnight's for most of the year |
| pope | spiritual head of the Roman Catholic Church |
| Vatican City | an independent state within the city of Rome |
| Sicily | an island at Italy's southern tip |
| Naples | largest city in southern Italy and an important port |
| Milan | major industrial city in Northern Italy and a fashion center |
| Rome | the capital of Italy |
| Orthodox Church | branch of Christianity that dates to the Byzantine Empire |
| Athens | capital of Greece |