| A | B |
|---|
| 54th Massachusetts Volunteers | best known African American soldiers; attacked Fort Wagner to fight Confederated soldiers...they did not win the battle, but won respect for bravery |
| after effects of Civil War | five days after the Civil War ended, Lincoln was assassinated at Ford's theatre leaving the North in shock, the South in ruins. It would take many years to pay for the war |
| Anaconda Plan | Union plan to end the war by squeezing the Confederacy. 1) blockade the southern ports to cut off supplies 2) attack along the Mississippi to split the Confederacy in half 3) continue to attack in the East in hopes of capturing the capital in Richmond |
| Appomattox | court house where Grant met with Lee and the two talked terms of surrender |
| assassinate | to murder a political leader like a President |
| Battle of Antietam | Confederate and Union forces faced each other at Antietam Creek. General McClellan received a copy of Lee's plan and attacked the Confederate troops who retreated. Union VICTORY |
| border state | a slave state between the North and the South that remained in the Union during the Civil War |
| casualty | a person killed, injured, or captured in war |
| civilian | a person who is not a soldier |
| conscription | drafting of people for military service |
| Copperheads | people from the North who were against war and wanted the war to end at any cost |
| discrimination | unjust treatment of a person based on false ideas about a particular group |
| Emancipation Proclamation | public statement that freed enslaved African Americans in the rebelling states (Confederacy) |
| Gettysburg | turning point of the Civil War; bloodiest battle; lasted 3 days and Lee's army would never be strong enough again for a big attack |
| Gettysburg Address | Lincoln's address at the ceremony to honor the soldiers of the Civil War promoting a government "of the people, by the people, for the people" |
| martial law | rule by army instead of by elected officials |
| Northern strengths | strong central government; large populations; money to pay for war; factories and workers to make weapons; railroads to carry supplies |
| Sea Battle of the Ironclads | The Confederates tried to break the blockade by sending out an ironclad ship, the Virginia. After it sunk two Union ships, the Union retaliated by sending out their ironclad ship, the Monitor. The two ships shot at each other for two hours, but neither was able to sink the other. |
| Seven Day's Battle | Southern troops attacked Union forces east of Richmond. Union forces retreated and the South declared a victory. Both sides learned the war would be costly. |
| Southern strengths | strong military leaders (Lee); experience as hunters and with horses; strong belief in protecting their land; only had to hold onto their land rather than attack and capture |
| terms of surrender | 1) southern soldiers must give up their guns 2) southern soldiers may keep the horses or mules they owned 3) southern officers could keep their pistols, swords, and horses 4) all southern solders would be fed |
| total war | the destruction of food, equipment, and anything else of use to soldiers and civilians |
| Ulysses S. Grant | appointed commander of the UNION army by President Lincoln; wanted to use total war to speed up the end of the Civil War |
| veteran | a person who has served in the armed forces |
