| A | B |
|---|
| Nucleotide | sugar, phosphate group and a nitrogen base |
| Gene | information segment of DNA that codes for the production of RNA that codes for a protein |
| codon | triplet of mRNA bases |
| genetic code | table which gives the amino acids that each codon determines |
| mRNA | RNA that is obtained from the DNA gene |
| transcription | the making of mRNA from DNA |
| translation | converting mRNA to tRNA and amino acids |
| semiconservative replication | the DNA replication process where by a new strand of DNA is made by using an old strand. |
| cell cycle | made of 4 phases: G1, S, G2 and Mitosis |
| Interphase | G1, S, G2 (longest phase) |
| G0 | a cell in this stage is consider resting (not actively dividing) |
| prophase | nuclear membrane disappears, centrioles appear, chromatin condenses |
| metaphase | chromosomes align in the center of a cell |
| anaphase | sister chromatids separate and are pulled to opposite ends of the cell |
| telophase | nuclear membrane reappears, chromosomes decondense back to chromatin, cell begins to split in two |
| cyclins | families of proteins that regulate the cell cycle |
| chromatin | filamentous structure of DNA. Aopearance when a cell is not dividing |
| chromosomes | condensed DNA, made up of sister chromatids and a centromere |
