| A | B |
|---|
| pilgrim | a person who makes a long journey for religious reasons |
| John Winthrop | leader of the Puritans and first governor of the Massachusetts Bay Colony |
| cape | a strip of land that stretches into a body of water |
| Mayflower Compact | plan for their own government created by the Pilgrims; agreed to make laws for the "general good" of the colony and to obey them |
| Plymouth | founded by the Pilgrims in 1620; many settlers died the first winter; settlers had help from Squanto and other Indians to survive the next winter |
| Squanto | Native American who helped the Pilgrims learn to plant crops and guided them in hunting and fishing |
| Pilgrims | also known as "Separatists"; left England to find religious freedom; sailed to North American on the "Mayflower"; settled in Plymouth in 1620; celebrated first Thanksgiving with the Wampanoag Indians |
| Massachusetts Bay Colony | settled by the Puritans in 1630; settlements were established at Salem and Boston; very successful settlements |
| Puritans | sought to purify the Church of England and sought religious freedom by establishing a colony in North America; started the Massachusetts Bay Colony in 1630 at Salem and later, at Boston |
| New Netherland | colony established by the Netherlands (Dutch) in 1626 in present-day New York; taken over by the English in 1664 |
| Peter Stuyvesant | became governor of New Netherland; was disliked for passing harsh laws and intolerance of other religious; lost control of New Netherland when colonists refused to fight the English in 1664 |
| New France | name given to the land claimed by the French in North America; included present-day Canada and much land around the Mississippi River |
| Father Jacques Marquette & Louis Joliet | explored the Mississippi River seeking a water route to the Pacific Ocean; also established missions in New France |
| Robert LaSalle | French explorer who explored the Mississippi River and claimed it and all the land around it for France; named the region he explored Louisiana (for the king) |
| Peter Minuit | first governor of New Netherland colony; bought Manhattan Island for about $24 worth of beads and other trinkets; established a colony for Sweden in Delaware |
