| A | B |
|---|
| concentration | a measure of the amount of a substance in another substance |
| acid | ionic compound that produces positive hydrogen ions when dissolved in water |
| base | ionic compound that produces negative hydroxide ions when dissolved in water |
| indicator | scale that measures the concentration of hydrogen ions in solution; used to tell how acidic or basic a solution is |
| alkalinity | quality of being a base |
| acids | taste sour, they can conduct electricity because the consist of charged particles in solution, and the react with metals to produce hydrogen gas. |
| base | have a bitter taste, bases feel slippery and bases conduct electricity because they consist of charge particles in solution. |
| 14 | The pH of a strong base would be closest to? |
| 0 | The pH of a strong acid would be closest to? |
| less than 7 | The pH of a weak base would be closest to? |
| greater than 7 | The pH of a weaker base would be closest to? |
| neutral | Not characterized in a chemical reaction. |
| salt and water | What are the products of an acid/base reaction? |
| acid rain | rain that has a pH less than 5 |
| pH | ~The negative log (base power) of the H+ concentration or the FREE H+ in a solution |
| acid | "DONATE" or release H+ in aqueous solution |
| base | "ACCEPT" H+ in aqueous solution; "Alkaline" i.e. Bicarbonate |
| buffer | Substance which MINIMIZES/PREVENTS large changes in pH when either an acid or base is added to a solution |
| examples of acids | lemon juice, vinegar, car battery |
| examples of bases | baking soda, bleach, Clog Buster |
| acetic acid | The acid found in vinegar _________________. |
| pH scale | a scale from 0-14 that is used for telling the pH of a solution |
| blue litmus paper | turns red when exposed to an acid |
| red litmus paper | turns blue when exposed to a base |
| neutralization reaction | What is a reaction between an acid and a base called? |
| hydronium ion | H₃O⁺, the conjugate acid ion that is made during the self-ionization of water |
| hydroxide ion | OH⁻, the conjugate base ion that is made during the self-ionization of water |
| conjugate acid | the compound that is produced when a substance accepts a hydrogen ion from an acid |
| conjugate base | the compound that is produced when a substance donates a hydrogen ion to a base |
| neutral | a solution with a pH of seven; a solution that has equal concentrations of hydrogen ions and hydroxide ions |
| indicator | a substance that changes color to indicate a change in the pH of a solution |
| Arrhenius model | acids release hydrogen ions (H⁺) in solution; bases release hydroxide ions (OH⁻) in solution |
| Brønsted-Lowry model | acids donate hydrogen ions (H⁺); bases accept hydrogen ions (H⁺) |
| Lewis model | acids accept electron pairs; bases donate electron pairs |
| homeostasis | self-regulating process by which biological systems tend to maintain stability while adjusting to conditions that are optimal for survival |
| citric acid C6 H8 O7 | orange, lime, or lemon juice |
| acetic acid CH 3 COOH | vinegar |
| lactic acid C3 H6 O3 | yogurt |
| phosphoric acid H3PO4 | coca-cola |
| sulfuric acid H2SO4 | toilet bowl cleaner |
| ascorbic acid C6H8O6 | vitamin C |
| sodium bicarbonate (base) NaHCO₃ | baking soda |
| ammonia (base) NH3 | household cleaner |
| sodium fluoride (base) NaF | toothpaste |
