| A | B |
|---|
| amendments | an addition or change to an existing document or plan |
| due process | every person involved in a legal dispute is entitled to a fair hearing |
| equal protection | a constitutional requirement of the 14th amendment that protects individuals against unlawful discrimination by government |
| balancing tests | used by judges to resolve legal issues by balancing the interest in conflict and deciding which is of higher importance |
| obscenity | a general term applying to anything that is immoral, indecent, or lewd |
| defamation | written or spoken expression about a person that is false and damages that person's reputation |
| slander | spoken expression about a person that is false and damages that person's reputation |
| libel | a written expression about a person that is false and damages that person's reputation |
| commercial speech | speech that is directed at buying or selling goods and services. |
| fighting words | a legal term applying to words spoken face to face that are so abusive that they are likely to cause an imminent fight between the speaker and the person spoken to |
| clear and present danger | a test formerly used by courts to restrict speech when the government thought the speech would create an immediate danger of serious harm |
| hate speech | bigoted speech attacking or disparaging a social or ethnic group or a member of such a group |
| incitement test | a method used by courts to determine whether to restrict or punish expression based on its potential to cause immediate unlawful behavior |
| public forum | any place, such as a park or street, where 1st Amendment expression rights were traditionally exercised |
| symbolic speech | conduct that expressed an idea |
| vagueness | indefiniteness, uncertainty, imprecision; not clear or specific |
| overinclusive | too broad or general |
| censorship | the denial of freedom of speech or freedom of the press |
| gag order | a order prohibiting public reporting on a case currently before the court |
| public forums | any place, such as a park or street, where 1st Amendment expression rights are traditionally exercised |
| penological | of or relating to the criminal corrections process |
