| A | B |
|---|
| bond dissociation energy | the energy required to break the bond between two covalently bonded atoms, usually expressed in kJ per mol of substance |
| bonding orbital | a molecular orbital that can be occupied by two electrons of a covalent bond |
| coordinate covalent bond | a covalent bond in which one atom contributes both bonding electrons |
| covalent bond | a bond formed by the sharing of electrons between atoms |
| diatomic molecule | a molecule consisting of two atoms |
| dipole | a molecule that has two poles, or regions, with opposite charges |
| dipole interaction | intermolecular forces resulting from the attraction of oppositely charged regions of polar molecules |
| dispersion force | attractions between molecules caused by the electron motion on one molecule affecting the electron motion on the other through electrical forces and are the weakest interactions between molecules |
| double covalent bond | a bond in which two atoms share two pairs of electrons |
| hybridization | the mixing of several atomic orbitals to form the same total number of equivalent hybrid orbitals |
| hydrogen bond | attractive forces in which a hydrogen covalently bonded to a very electronegative atom is also weakly bonded to an unshared electron pair of another electronegative atom |
| molecular compound | a compound that is composed of molecules |
| molecular formula | a chemical formula of a molecular compound that shows the kinds and number of atoms present in a molecule |
| molecular orbital | an orbital that applies to the entire molecule |
| molecule | a neutral group of atoms joined together by covalent bonds |
| network solid | a solid in which all the atoms are covalently bonded to each other |
| nonpolar covalent bond | a covalent bond in which the electrons are shared equally by the two atoms |
| pi bond | a covalent bond in which the bonding electrons are most likely to be found in sausage-shaped regions above and below the bond axis of the bonded atoms |
| polar covalent bond | a covalent bond between atoms in which the electrons are shared unequally |
| polar molecule | a molecule in which one side of the molecule is slightly negative and the opposite side is slightly positive |
| polyatomic ion | a tightly bound group of atoms that behaves like a unit and as a positive or negative charge |
| resonance structure | one of the two or more equally valid electron dot structures of a molecule or polyatomic ion |
| sigma bond | a bond formed when two atomic orbitals combine to form a molecular orbital that is symmetrical around the axis connecting the two atomic nuclei |
| single covalent bond | a bond formed when two atoms share a pair of electrons |
| structural formula | a chemical formula that shows the arrangement of atoms in a molecule or a polyatomic ion where each dash between a pair of atoms indicates a pair of shared electrons |
| bromine | Br2 |
| carbon dioxide | CO2 |
| carbon monoxide | CO |
| chlorine | Cl2 |
| dinitrogen tetroxide | N2O4 |
| fluorine | F2 |
| hydrogen | H2 |
| hydrogen bromide | HBr |
| hydrogen chloride | HCl |
| hydrogen cyanide | HCN |
| hydrogen fluoride | HF |
| hydrogen iodide | HI |
| hydrogen peroxide | H2O2 |
| iodine | I2 |
| nitric oxide | NO |
| nitrogen | N2 |
| nitrogen dioxide | NO2 |
| nitrous oxide | N2O |
| oxygen | O2 |
| sulfur dioxide | SO2 |
