| A | B |
|---|
| prealbumin | migrates ahead of albumin, normally seen on csf electrophoresis |
| albumin | present in highest concentration in serum |
| alpha 1 antitrypsin | missing in emphysema, increased in inflammation(APR), protease inhibitor |
| alpha 1 lipoprotein | HDL, inverse relationship with cardiovascular diseasse |
| haptoglobin | binds hgb, alpha 2 protein; increased in inflammation(APR) |
| ceruloplasmin | decreased in Wilson's and Menke's Kinky Hair syndrome(isn't that fun to say?), binds copper |
| alpha 2 macroglobulin | protease inhibitor, higher in children |
| beta lipoprotein | LDL, associated with increased risk of heart disease |
| transferrin | binds iron, may be increased in Fe deficiency anemia |
| complement(C3) | acute phase protein (inflammation), present only in very fresh serum/plasma, decreased in SLE |
| fibrinogen | acute phase protein (inflammation), only seen in plasma rather than serum, involved in clotting |
| CRP | most sensitive acute phase (inflammatory) protein |
| nephrotic syndrome | increased alpha-2-macroglobulin and beta-lipoprotein; decreased albumin and Ig's |
| cirrhosis | decreased albumin; increased Ig with beta-gamma bridge |
| pregnancy | increased alpha-2-macroglobulin, alpha-1-antitrypsin, alpha-fetoprotein, and transferrin |
| children | increased alpha-2-macroglobulin; decreased haptoglobin |
| newborn | no haptoglobin or Ig's |
| emphysema | missing alpha-1-antitrypsin band |
| acute phase reaction (inflammation pattern) | increased alpha-1-antitrypsin, haptoglobin, fibrinogen, C3, and CRP |
| alpha 1 proteins | alpha-1-antitrypsin, alpha fetoprotein, alpha-1-lipoprotein |
| alpha 2 proteins | haptoglobin, ceruloplasmin, alpha-2-macroglobulin |
| beta proteins | VLDL, LDL, transferrin, C3, fibrinogen |
| IgG | most abundant Ig |
| IgM | first Ab to appear |
| IgE | associated with allergic reactions |
| IgA | found in secretions |
| increased TP | dehydration, multiple myeloma |
| decreased TP | burns, malnutrition, renal or kidney disease, GI loss |
| gamma globulins | antibodies, immunoglobulins |
| Kjeldahl | reference TP measurement, measures protein N |
| Biuret | measures peptide bonds, copper sulfate reagent |
| Bromcresol green or purple | measures albumin |
| glyoxilic acid | measures globulins |
| alpha fetoprotein | protects fetus, increased in neural tube defects, decreased in Down's syndrome, tumor marker for hepatocellular cancer |
| Normal (reference range) for Total Protein | 6.5 - 8.3 g/dl |
