| A | B |
|---|
| Bartolomeu Dias | Portuguese explorer who rounded the tip of Africa |
| Prince Henry the Navigator | Portuguese supporter of exploration who founded a school to train sailors and navigators |
| Vasca da Gama | Explorer who gave Portugal a direct sea route to India |
| Line of Demarcation | Line drawn by Pope Alexander VI to divided globe between Spain and Portugal |
| Treaty of Tordesillas | Treaty between Spain and Portugal that moved Line of Demarcation to the west |
| Dutch East India Company | Dutch company that took control of Asian trade from Portugal |
| Caravel | Strong ocean going sailing ship designed in 1400's |
| Christopher Columbus | Italian explorer, sailing for Spain, who landed in the Americas in 1492 |
| Jamestown | First permanent English colony in America |
| Atlantic Slave Trade | Buying and selling of Africans for work in the Americas |
| Triangular Trade | European trade between the Americas, Africa, and Europe involving slaves and goods |
| Middle Passage | voyage that brought captured Africans to the West Indies and the Americas |
| Columbian Exchange | Global transfer of foods, plants, and animals during the colonization of the Americas |
| Commercial Revolution | New business and trade practices in Europe during the 16th and 17th centuries |
| Capitalism | Economic system based on private ownership and the investment of wealth for profit |
| Joint-Stock Company | Company in which people pooled their wealth for a common purpose |
| Mercantilism | Economic policy of increasing wealth and power by obtaining large amounts of gold and silver and having a favorable balance of trade |
| Favorable Balance of Trade | A condition in which a country exports more than it imports |
