| A | B |
|---|
| Medulla Oblongata | Contains many sensory and motor tracts, control vital body functions such as cardiovascular center and respiratory center, many fundamental sensory and motor functions. sensory |
| Pons | (bridge) Connection between cerebellum, ascending and descending tracts, nuclei to control breathing and posture |
| Midbrain | Contains ascending and descending tracts, superior colliculi (reflex for visual activities) Inferior colliculi (auditory pathways) Substantia Nigra (prevents unwanted motor movements), Red Nucleus (fine motor control) |
| Cerebellum | monitor muscles contraction and motor control |
| Thalamus | gateway to cerebral cortex for most general and somatic senses |
| Hypothalamus | Hormone secretion, autonomic effects (heart rate, gastrointestinal motility and secretion etc) food and water intake, emotions, memory |
| Precentral gyrus | primary motor area of cerebral cortex |
| Postcentral gyrus | primary somatosensory area of cerebral cortex |
| Frontal Lobe | abstract thought, planning, decision making, voluntary muscle control, language processing |
| Parietal Lobe | somatic sensations, spatial perception and awareness, language processing, |
| Occipital Lobe | primary visual center |
| Temporal Lobe | hearing, smell, emotion, language comprehension, memory |
| Wernickes Area | recognition of spoken and written language (found typically in left hemisphere) |
| Brocas Area | motor language area (left hemisphere) |
