| A | B |
|---|
| Mesopotamia | Greek for “land between the rivers” |
| Cuneiform | a form of writing developed by the people of Sumer |
| City-State | has its own government but is not part of any larger unit |
| irrigation | a method that brings water to crops |
| civilization | complex societies that have organized governments, culture, and writing |
| River Valleys | where first civilizations began |
| ziggurat | Sumerian temple to honor their chief god |
| artisans | skilled workers who made cloth, metals and pottery |
| scribes | learned how to write |
| province | a political district |
| astronomer | one who studies the stars and planets and study heavenly bodies |
| Ninevah | the Assyrian Empire’s capital city |
| Nebuchadnezzar | Chaldean king who rebuilt Babylon |
| caravan | a group of traveling merchants |
| Assyrians | first large army to use iron weapons |
| Gilgamesh | hero from an epic that travels the world doing great things |
| Ninevah | site of one of the world's first libraries |
| The Hittites taught the Assyrians | to use stronger metals (iron) to make weapons |
| Hanging Garden | one of the Seven Wonders of the World |
| Persian Gulf | major trade route |
| Chaldeans defeated | The Assyrians in 612 BC |
| First Sumerian Kings | were warlords |
| Wrote the legal code | Hammurabi |
| Middle class | artisans, merchants, farmers and fishers |
| In Summer Mesopotamia | not a lot of water |
