| A | B |
|---|
| Backhand Welding | a method used when the welding end of an electrode or a gas flame is pointed in a direction opposite the direction of travel. |
| Backing | material placed beyond the root opening to control penetration and prevent a hot-shortness hole. Backing may be machined to control the shape of the penetration bead. |
| Contact-tube-to- work distance | he distance from the contact tube to the surface of the work. |
| Drag Angle | the travel angle used during backhand welding when the welding end of an electrode or a gas flame points opposite the direction of travel. |
| Electrode extension | the length of unmelted electrode extending beyond the end of the contact tube in GMAW, FCAW, SMAW, and GTAW. Also called electrode stick-out. |
| Forehand welding | a method used when the welding end of an electrode or a gas flame is pointed in the direction of travel. |
| keyhold | an enlarged root opening that looks like an old-fashioned keyhole. |
| nozzle-to-work- distance | the distance from the end of the nozzle to the base metal. |
| push angle | the travel angle used during forehand welding, when the welding end of an electrode or a gas flame points in the direction of travel. |
| root opening | the distance between the two pieces at the weld root. |
| root pass | the first weld pass made into the root of the joint. |
