| A | B |
|---|
| ___________ is the study of the composition and structure of matter, and the changes that matter can undergo. | Chemistry |
| A(n) _______ is a specific type of matter that has a definite composition (always made of the same things no matter where it is found) | chemical (EVERYTHING except energy and empty space is made of chemicals) |
| ______ are the builidng blocks of matter. | Atoms |
| _____ are the smallest unit of an element that maintains the chemical identity of that element. | Atoms |
| ______ are pure substances that are made of one type of atom. | Elements |
| All of the 115 or so known elements can be found on the _____. | periodic table |
| _____ are made of two or more different elements bonded together. | compounds |
| A __________ is a characteristic that can be observed or measured without changing the identity of the substance. | physical property |
| A ________ is a change in a substance that does not involve a change in the identity of the substance. | physical change (an example would be the melting of an ice cube. Whether the water is frozen or liquid, its identity is still H20) |
| Melting a candle would be an example of a _____ change. | physical change |
| Burning a candle would be an example of a _____ change. | chemical change |
| A ____ has definite volume and shape. | solid |
| A ____ has definite volume but not shape | liquid (liquids will conform to the shape of the bottom portion and sides of their container but retain the volume their overall volume) |
| A _____ has neither definite volume nor shape. | gas (gases will spread out to conform to the shape of their container, increasing in volume as they do) |
| Melting, boiling, freezing, and condensing are all examples of ______ changes. | phase |
| A ________ relates to a substances ability to undergo changes that transform it into different substances. | chemical property |
| A car that is rusting is undergoing a ____ | chemical change |
| The substances that are required for a chemical reaction to occur (ie- the raw materials) are called the ____ of the reaction. | reactants |
| The substances that are produced as a result of a chemical reaction are called the _____ of the reaction. | products |
| In the chemical reaction of CARBON + OXYGEN ---> CARBON DIOXIDE, the carbon dioxide is the ____ of the reactions. | product |
| In the chemical reaction of CARBON + OXYGEN ---> CARBON DIOXIDE, the oxygen and carbon on the left side of the reaction arrow are the ____ of the reactions. | reactants |
| A(n) _____ would be classified as a pure substance. | compound or element |
| _______ contain more than one substance, each of which retains its identity and properties. | Mixtures |
| _____ can usually be separated fairly easily. | Mixtures |
| A uniform mixture is known as a(n) ________ mixture. | homogeneous mixture (the prefix "homo" means "same") |
| A mixture in which the composition is not uniform throughout is known as a(n) ______ mixture. | heterogeneous mixture (the prefix "hetero" means "differen.") |
| A sugar or salt solution would be classified as a(n) _____ mixture. | homogeneous mixture (the prefix "homo" means "same") |
| A bucket of dirt would be classified as a(n) _____ mixture. | heterogeneous mixture (the prefix "hetero" means "different") |
| If a pure substance can be decomposed by ordinary chemical means it is a(n) ____. | compound |
| If a pure substance cannot be decomposed by ordinary chemical means it is a(n) ____. | element |
| A homogenous mixture is also called a(n) ____. | solution |
One method of separating heterogeneous mixtures (like blood) into layers based on the density of the components can be accomplished by using a machine called a ______ that spins the mixture at very high speeds, forcing the most dense particles to the bottom.,  | centrifuge (To separate plasma from the red and white blood cells, blood is put in a centrifuge tube and spun around very quickly, sending the heavier red blood cells to the bottom. The liquid component of blood, called plasma, forms a layer on top), |
| A method of separating mixtures based on the fact that different substances in the mixture have different boiling points is called ______. | distillation (the apparatus below is used to distill liquids),  |
A method for separating substances in a mixture based on the facts that larger molecules move slower than smaller molecules through paper when dissolved in a solvent is called _____.,  | chromatography (In the picture below, different molecules that make up a type of ink are separated. The far left jar shows the beginning and the far right jar shows the end of the separation), |
A method of filtration in which molecules stick (adhere) to some surface (such as activated charcoal) while other molecules pass by is called _____.,  | adsorption (the process of sticking is called adhesion), |
A method for separating mixtures based on a barrier that allows small particles to pass through but not larger ones is called ____.,  | filtration (Coffee filters work this way. Sometimes swimming pools filter the water through sand or diatomaceous earth), |
| The vertical columns of the periodic table are called _____. | groups or families |
| Each group or family in the periodic table contains elements with similar _____. | chemical properties |
| The horizontal rows of elements in the periodic table are called _______. | periods |
| Physical and chemical properties change somewhat regularly within the same ______. | period |
| A(n) ______ is an element that is a good conductor of electricity and heat. | metal |
| Most metals are _______ at room temperature | solid |
| Metals are _______, which means they can be hammered or rolled into thin sheets. | malleable |
| Metals are _______, which means they can be drawn into a fine wire. | ductile |
| A nonmetal is an element that is a ____ conductor of heat and electricity. | poor |
| Most ______ are gases at room temperature. | non-metals |
| Non-metals that are solid are brittle and lack ____. | luster |
| A(n) ______ is an element that has some characteristics of metals and some characteristics of non-metals. | metalloid |
| All ____ are solid at room temperature. | metalloids |
| Metalloids are ______ conductors of electricity. | semi |
| A metal that is liquid at room temperature is ______. | mercury (Hg) |
| The elements in the far right-hand column of the periodic table are called _____. | noble gases |
| ______ are a group of elements that are generally unreactive. | noble gases |
| All _____ are gases at room temperature. | noble gases |
| Matter is anything that has ____ and ____. | mass and volume |
| In which phase or phases of matter do you find the particles far apart from each other. | Gases (They are close together in the solid and liquid phase) |
| The measurement system that scientists around the world all use is abbreviated ____. | SI |
| Mass is a measure of the quantity of ______. | matter |
| _____ is a measurement of a quantity of matter. | Mass |
| The SI standard unit for mass is the ____. | kilogram |
| ______ is a measure of the gravitational pull on matter. | Weight |
| Weight is a measure of the gravitational pull on ______. | matter |
| Weight is a measure of the ________on matter. | gravitational pull |
| _____ does not depend on gravity. It would be the same for an object whether that object is on Earth, the moon, or floating around in outer space. (Choose between mass and weight) | Mass |
| Length is a measure of _____. | distance |
| The SI standard for length is the _____. | meter |
| The prefix "deci-" has an exponential factor of ____. | .,  |
| The prefix "pico-" has an exponential factor of ____. | .,  |
| The prefix "centi-" has an exponential factor of ____. | .,  |
| The prefix "milli-" has an exponential factor of ____. | vanilli,  |
| What's even smaller than a nanoliter? | Chuck Norris' heart,  |
| The prefix "micro-" has an exponential factor of ____. | .,  |
| The prefix "nano-" has an exponential factor of ____. | .,  |
| The prefix "deka-" has an exponential factor of ____. | .,  |
| The prefix "kilo-" has an exponential factor of ____. | .,  |
| The prefix "mega-" has an exponential factor of ____. | .,  |
| The prefix "giga-" has an exponential factor of ____. | .,  |
| ___ is equal to 1. | 10 to the zero power |
