| A | B |
| Codification | Creation of Laws |
| Schism | A split in an institution |
| Corpus Juris Civilis | Justinian's Code |
| Orthodox | "truest" form of religion |
| Liturgy | Religions rituals or texts |
| Icon | Art used in religious devotionals |
| Iconoclast | Destroyer of Idols |
| Patriarch | Father of the Orthodox Church |
| Pope | Head of the Roman Catholic Church |
| Minaret | Islamic prayer tower |
| Tribute | Monies collected due to threats |
| Absolute Rule | All aspects of civilization controlled by one man |
| Principality | Region ruled by a prince |