| A | B |
|---|
| Erie Canal | Opened in 1825; connected Great Lakes and Atlantic via the Hudson River |
| capitalist | person with money to invest in business |
| Richard Arkwright | invented water frame and developed a steam powered factory |
| Moses Brown | wealthy merchant in RI |
| interchangeable parts | identical pieces that could be made and assembled quickly by unskilled workers |
| spinning jenny | made the thread making process faster than it had with the spinning wheel; foot powered |
| factory system | workers and machines in same place |
| Francis Cabot Lowell | brought spinning and weaving together in one place |
| Samuel Slater | memorized British machine design and brought it to US |
| mass production | rapid production of identical products |
| rivers | provided power to factories |
| War of 1812 | led to the need for Americans to produce own goods |
| Lowell Girls | girls who left family farms to work in industrial mills in Lowell, MA |
| interchangeable parts | led to mass production; allowed unskilled to become manufacturers |
| Eli Whitney | created efficiency in mass production; reduced need for skilled laborers; reduced costs for goods |
| factory work conditions | unsafe; poor lighting and ventilation; 12-14 hour workdays |
| steam engines | made it possible to locate factories away from riverbanks |
| effects of Industrial Revolution | people started to work away from home; cheaper goods; cities developed; demand for cotton led to growth of slavery |
| major improvements of late 1800s/early 1900s | electricity; plumbing; telephone; modern medicine; transportation |
| cotton gin | separated burrs from cotton; led to increase in slavery |
| improvements in transportation | canals; railroads; clipper ships |
| Lowell Massachusetts promises | Promised that young women could get an education by visiting a library, attending lectures, and gaining cultural knowledge. |
| Average work day in early factories | 12-14 hours in unsafe, hot conditions |
| England | birthplace of the Industrial Revolution |
| American contribution to industry | emphasized the use of interchangeable parts and made mass production more efficient. (One example is how Lowell brought spinning and weaving into one factory.) |
