| A | B |
|---|
| Cell | Device that is a source of electric current |
| Circuit Breaker | A device that protects a circuit from current overloads |
| Conductor | material, such as copper wire, in which electrons can move easily. |
| Electric Current | The net movement of electric charges in a single direction, measured in amperes (A). |
| Electric Charge | An electrical property of matter that creates a force between objects |
| Electric Force | The force of attraction or repulsion between objects due to charge |
| Generator | A device that uses electromagnetic induction to convert mechanical energy to electrical energy |
| Parallel Circuit | A circuit that provides two or more paths for electrical current to flow. |
| Series Circuit | A circuit where there is only one path for electricity to flow. |
| Resistance | tendency for a material to oppose electron flow and change electrical energy into thermal energy and light; measured in ohms (O). Caused by internal friction |
| Filament | This physical component of a light bulb controls the brightness of the light. |
| Ohm | SI unit for resistance |
| Voltage | SI unit for electrical potential difference |
| Fuse | A device containing a metal strip that melts when current in the circuit becomes too great. |
| Proton | The positively charged particle of an atom. |
| Electron | The negatively charged particle of an atom |
| Neutron | The neutrally charged particle of an atom |
| charging by contact | process of transferring charge between objects by touching or rubbing. |
| charging by induction | process of rearranging electrons on a neutral object by bringing a charged object close to it. |
| circuit | closed loop through which an electric current can flow |
| electric power | rate at which electrical energy is converted to another form of energy; expressed in watts (W). |
| insulator | material in which electrons are not able to move easily. |
| law of conservation of charge | states that charge can be transferred from one object to another but cannot be created nor destroyed. |
| Ohm's law | states that the current in a circuit equals the voltage difference divided by the resistance. |
| static electricity | the accumulation of excess electric charge on an object. |
| voltage difference | related to the force that causes electric charges to flow; measured in volts (V). |
| Alternating Current (AC) | electric current that reverses its direction of flow in a regular pattern. |
| Direct current (DC) | electric current that flows in only one direction. |
| electric motor | device that converts electrical energy to mechanical energy by using the magnetic forces between an electromagnet and a permanent magnet to make a shaft rotate. |
| electromagnet | temporary magnet made by wrapping a wire coil, carrying a current, around an iron core. |
| electromagnetic induction | process in which electric current is produced in a wire loop by a changing magnetic field. |
| galvanometer | device that uses an electromagnet to measure electric current |
| magnetic domain | group of atoms in a magnetic material with the magnetic poles of the atoms pointing in the same direction |
| magnetic field | surrounds a magnet and exerts a force on other magnets and objects made of magnetic materials. |
| magnetic pole | region on a magnet where the magnetic force exerted by a magnet is strongest; like poles repel and opposite poles attract |
| magnetism | properties and interactions of magnets. |
| solenoid | wire wrapped into a cylindrical coil |
| transformer | device that uses electromagnetic induction to increase or decrease the voltage of an alternating current. |
| turbine | large wheel that rotates when pushed by steam, wind, or water and provides mechanical energy to a generator. |
