| A | B |
|---|
| Osmosis | Movement of water across a semipermeable membrane |
| Diffusion | Movement of molecules from a high concentration to a lower concentration |
| Transport protein | A structure within the cell membrane which allows charged and/or larger molecules to pass through the membrane |
| Active Transport | Movement of molecules from a LOW concentration to a HIGH conc. using ATP (energy) |
| Passive transport | Movement of molecules from a HIGH concentration to a LOW conc. with NO ATP (energy) used |
| Concentration | Amount of molecules of a material in a specific area |
| Hypertonic Solution | A solution with a GREATER amount of SOLUTE ("dissolved stuff") as compared to the cell |
| Hypotonic Solution | A solution with a LESSER amount of SOLUTE ("dissolved stuff") as compared to the cell |
| Isotonic Solution | A solution with an EQUAL concentration of solute (and water) as compared to the cell |
| Turgor Pressure | The force that the vacuole places on the cell membrane to push it against the cell wall-- increases when vacuole is larger |
| selectively permeable | Means that only some things may pass through |
| phospholipid | The basic unit of the cell membrane-- comprised of a polar phosphate head and 2 nonpolar fatty acid tails |
| exocytosis | Type of Active Transport where large amounts/sizes of molecules EXIT the cell in bulk |
| endocytosis | Type of Active Transport where large amounts/sizes of molecules ENTER the cell in bulk |
| hydrophilic | "Water-loving"-- Refers to the polar phosphate heads of the phospholipid |
| hydrophobic | "Water-fearing"- refers to the fatty acid tails of the phospholipid which make the inner part of the cell mem. |
| Water potential | quantifies the tendency of water to move from one area to another due to osmosis, gravity, mechanical pressure, etc |
