| A | B |
|---|
| Hypothesis | an explanation based on observed facts or an idea of how things work |
| Scientific Method | a series of 5 – 6 steps that scientists follow in order to test ideas |
| Trade Off | losing one aspect of something in return for gaining another aspect. It implies a decision has been made that has two sides; a good and a bad |
| Evidence | data collected to prove or disprove a fact |
| Observation | to watch, look at, observe |
| Clinical Trial | When human volunteers test products such as medicines before they are made available to the public |
| Informed Consent | A legal document that says that volunteers in a clinical trial have been told (informed) about the harmful side effects and they agree (consent) to participate in the clinical trial. |
| Control | – A group of subjects or objects that are not exposed to the variable (factor being tested). The control stays the same in an experiment to measure the outcome of the experiment. |
| Placebo | an inactive pill, a control that does not have an active ingredient |
| Active Ingredient | the substance that makes a medicine effective (work) |
| Placebo Effect | Improvement in the health of someone when they think they have received treatment or medicine; often a sugar pill |
| Variable | The single factor being tested in an experiment; A variable is an object, event, idea, feeling, time period, or any other type of category you are trying to measure. |
| Independent Variable | An independent variable is exactly what it sounds like. It is a variable that stand alone and isn’t changed by the other variables you are trying to measure. For example, someone’s age might be an independent variable. |
| Dependant Variable | It is something that depends on other factors. For example, a test score could be a dependent variable because it could change depending on several factors, such as how much you studied, how much sleep you got the night before you took the test, or even how hungry you were when you took it. |
| Nervous System | the system in your body that controls touch and feel; it includes the brain, spinal cord, and nerves. |
| Touch Receptors | sensory neurons (nerve bundles) that detect gentle pressure |
| Nerves | bundles of nerve cells (neurons) that branch out throughout your body |
| Reproducible | that ability to do an experiment again exactly as it was done the first time |
| Sample Size | the number of times an experiment is conducted or the number of people within the experiment. |
| Data | a set of information |
| Qualitative | describes properties or characteristics that are used to identify things, often results from putting things into categories. |
| Quantitative | values that have been measured or counted; quantity; how much? |
| Range | a set of values that is generalized to a larger group of people |
